Historic England
FISH Archaeological Objects Thesaurus
Originally developed by the Archaeological Objects Working Party and published by the mda. It provides guidance for the recording of archaeological objects in Britain and Ireland covering all historical periods. Now maintained by FISH on behalf of the heritage sector.
Objects associated with the care and use of animals.
Objects associated with cultivation, the rearing of livestock, gathering, hunting, fishing, horticulture and the primary processing of foodstuffs.
Objects forming fragments or parts of a building's fabric, structures and associated services, eg drain pipes. Where an object is a fixture or fitting use the separate class.
Soft coverings and associated objects for walls, furniture, floors and windows. Also items such as chairs, beds, and cupboards.
Objects used or associated with the movement of goods or people.
Objects which cannot be assigned to any one particular class, or the function of which is unknown.
Objects used for, or associated with, the production of heat and light.
Objects used for the preparation of food and drink,for cooking and consumption.
An object which serves as a vessel. This class includes containers for which the function is either specific or unknown. Where the function is known, the term is also included within another class, eg churn.
Tools and equipment with a specific function and those for which a function cannot be assigned with any degree of certainty. Where the function is known, the term is also included under the relevant Class.
Protective covering for personal defence, objects designed to kill, injure or overwhelm an opponent or quarry, and ancillary equipment.
Animal, vegetable and mineral remains including edible materials, drink or residues and unworked imported objects which have been retrieved from archaeological contexts. Also soil samples taken for environmental analysis.
Objects used for the preparation of medicines or the diagnosis and treatment of ill health or disease.
Instruments and their component parts used to produce music or audible signals of all forms.
Objects used or associated with religious, ritual or funerary activities.
Objects used or associated with sport and games, eg gaming piece. This class includes toys.
Objects used to transmit a definite message through a visual non written means, includes stamps and matrices to create these.
Objects used in, or which are created as part of, a manufacturing or production process, including the by-products of such processes. This does not include finished items, these will appear in other appropriate classes.
Objects used or associated with the transmission of ideas and information through the written medium.
Objects used to secure buildings, furniture or objects or used in the finishing and (non-structural) decoration of buildings, equipment and furniture.
Objects relating to the punishment and restraint of humans.
Clothes, items of attire and ornament and objects for personal use by individuals, including toiletries.
Objects denoting membership and/or authority. Including objects associated with ceremonial rites or symbolising secular power.
A holder for arrows.
A stone grooved on one face thought to have been used to straighten and smooth arrow shafts.
A weapon for shooting arrows.
A projectile fired from a bow.
A projectile discharged from a weapon, usually a firearm.
A metal sphere, usually lead, fired from a musket. Often bound into a cartridge.
A mould in which bullets or musket balls are cast.
A sash or belt worn over the shoulder to the hip for carrying a sword.
A cutting and thrusting weapon consisting of a blade and a hilt. The blade varies in length and width and the cutting edge can vary from being purely the point to being one or both sides or a combination of these.
A short stabbing weapon, designed to be fixed to the muzzle of a musket or rifle, even in some cases to pistols. Some were designed to be used both fixed to long guns and independent of them.
A belt worn around the waist from which a sword is hung. Where worn over the shoulder use baldric.
A heavy artillery piece consisting of a metal tube mounted on a gun carriage.
An instrument with a series of pipes at different pitches, the air being produced by bellows, and pipes selected by keyboard or sliders.
A plug to keep out dust, moisture etc.
A container for loose gun powder. Sometimes with a regulator to release enough powder for one shot.
A horn used to hold loose gun powder for recharging firearms.
A flask holding gunpowder used to prime a firearm, ie to provide a small quantity of gunpowder to be put in the pan which would be lit to set off the main charge in the barrel. The powder would often be a finer grade than that used for the charge.
A horn containing gun powder used for priming a firearm.
A handheld weapon that fires missiles by means of explosives.
A rigid holder for a bladed weapon.
A container in which weapons are put for storage and or transportation.
A weapon with a sharp edge or point.
A convex, usually round, piece of metal or other material mounted at the centre of a shield. Originally serving a practical purpose in deflecting blows and providing a mounting for the grip, it later developed into an ornamental feature.
A protective piece of armour carried in the hand to protect the bearer from weapons.
A missile fired from a sling.
A hand held weapon used to throw missiles such as stones or bullets.
A thin, pointed implement used for sewing with a hole at the blunt end for threading the sewing material.
An instrument used for surgery, which is the treatment of injuries by instruments and manually.
A key for winding a clockwork mechanism.
An instrument for measuring time.
One of a set, used as standards for specific coins, often bearing stamps and other marks of authenticity.
A block of metal with a device cut into it, used to impress a coin blank.
A mould used to cast coins.
A metal disc before it is stamped to become a coin.
A piece of metal, usually cast, struck or stamped, with a definite value.
A small, usually hinged, box made of copper alloy which protected a seal.
A piece of wax, lead, paper etc, with a stamped design, attached to a document as a guarantee of authenticity.
The object used to make impressions in wax as seals.
Wax used to seal letters, envelopes, documents, etc.
A piece of cast metal obtained from a mould in a form suitable for storage.
Objects primarily intended to be used as a medium of exchange, eg coins.
A marker used to represent a gambling stake.
A metal counter used in calculation of financial sums but not itself directly exchangeable for coins, goods or services.
A triangular piece of wood, usually of ebony, to which the lower ends of the strings of a musical instrument are fastened.
An instrument played mainly by bowing the strings. Use narrower terms where known.
A pipe used for smoking tobacco.
A pouch for containing tobacco.
A basket for the storage and transport of fishing equipment. For the storage and transport of fish use creel.
A tool, piece of equipment, container or other object used for or in fishing.
A wickerwork basket for holding fish or catching lobsters.
An object used for counting, keeping count or marking the position of a player in a game, usually in the form of a small circular-shaped piece of bone, metal, wood, plastic or other material.
A marker used in the playing of a game.
A narrow flake which is the by-product of making a burin.
A graving tool used for engraving objects. Prehistoric versions are usually made of flint or other stone, later versions usually of metal.
An Egyptian religious statuette.
A small carved or sculpted figure.
A spout allowing water to spill away from a building. Usually carved in images of animals, people or grotesques.
A three dimensional representation of an object, person or animal.
An urn containing a cremation burial.
A vessel for keeping the ashes of the dead after cremation.
The burnt remains of a corpse.
A stone inscribed or marked with runes.
A stone used for divination.
A flail used for the mortification of the flesh.
A form of whip or lash, often used for self mortification.
A container for a pyx which is often a canopied niche in a wall.
A container in which the Sacrament is carried.
An object fixed to the door or floor to limit the amount a door can open.
A barrier used to close an opening, usually hinged and often hung within a supporting frame.
A container for holy relics.
A cross connected to a reliquary or containing a relic itself.
A floor composed of small cubes (tesserae) of variously coloured materials (eg tile, stone, marble). In the Roman period, mosaics often depict a religious theme or symbol.
A cube of material used to make up a mosaic.
A fastener used within a cavity wall to hold the two sides together.
A single or pair of figures or plates attached to a joist or bar either at the time of construction or later and built into the wall to provide support.
A vertical structure usually made of stone, brick, timber, etc.
A mortar used specifically for grinding cosmetics.
A mixing or grinding vessel.
A pestle used specifically for grinding cosmetics.
A tool for pounding or grinding.
An object which is going to become a key. It has the shape but has not been cut to fit a lock.
A short chain or chains attached to a woman's belt for carrying keys etc.
T shaped piece of bronze imitating a key and hung from a chatelaine.
A device for operating a lock.
An object which surrounds or makes up a keyhole.
A shaped rod which passed through a hole in the door and was used to raise a latch or to slide a bolt.
A security device attached to objects.
A knife prior to undergoing the processes of sharpening or finishing, consisting of a single piece of metal from which the blade and tang have been shaped.
A cutting blade with handle used for food preparation and consumption.
A leaf or diamond-shaped arrowhead with shallow retouching at the edges.
A large flake or blade blank thinned on both faces to form an approximate leaf shape. Precise function unknown.
Waste flakes and cores produced in the manufacture of stone implements.
A struck piece of flint or other stone where the length is at least twice the width.
A two dimensional image using paint applied to the surface of a ceiling.
A painting executed directly onto a wall.
A set of shelves.
A flat surface designed to hold objects. For a set of shelves use shelving.
A case designed to hold a fan.
A hand held instrument for producing a current of air for cooling the user. It is both a practical and a fashion item.
A mirror designed to be held by hand.
A case which holds and protects a mirror.
A polished reflective surface.
A necklace or armband made of metal.
A group of coins deliberately deposited together.
A collection of objects deliberately grouped together and hidden.
A small round dish on which a drinking vessel is set.
A small open container, usually with one handle, used for drinking.
Use more specific term where available.
A case for the transportation and protection of musical instruments.
An object decorated or otherwise marked by the use of a stamp; for example, a maker's stamp.
A tool that produces a mark on an object through the application of percussive force through the stamp.
Objects used to measure time, distance, weight, number or natural forces.
A holder for weapons, explosives and ammunition.
Articles used in charging guns and ordnance.
A bowl for the ritual washing of hands.
A bowl for the washing of hands, often in a religious institution.
Equipment for the hunting and capture of animals.
Equipment used on a bird of prey for hawking.
A strip of material, leather etc used to hold two sides of an object together.
The ending for a lace.
A rack to hold smoking pipes.
A case in which a pipe would be held to protect it.
A pipe in which a substance is smoked.
A type of fabric often used to trim clothing.
A woven fabric used to trim clothes.
Woven material.
A fragment of a vessel, or hollow object, usually of ceramic or glass. If known, use specific vessel type.
A fragment of the rim of a vessel, or hollow object, usually of ceramic or glass. If known, use specific vessel type.
A fragment of the base of a vessel, or hollow object, usually of ceramic or glass. If known, use specific vessel type.
A fragment of the body of a vessel, or hollow object, usually of ceramic or glass. If known, use specific vessel type.
Use specific form where known.
A ring, flange or short piece of pipe, made of iron, clay or other materials, used to join and seal two sections of water pipe.
A pipe allowing the passage of water through it and designed only for this.
A portable writing-case or surface, especially one for use on the lap. May contain compartments for storing writing materials and paper.
A flat surface often with drawers used for working upon.
A piece of wire or similarly flexible material shaped to form a clip for fastening papers together; invented by the Norwegian Johann Vaaler in 1899. The familiar double-oval 'Gem' clip was developed by Gem Manufacturing Ltd. in England the same year.
A thin vegetable based sheet used for writing, drawing, printing etc.
Use for the remains of internal parasites of vertebrates, including humans, such as flukes, tapeworm, including their calcified cysts, etc. Eggs of the nematodes Ascaris sp. (maw-worm) and Trichuris sp. (whipworm) are commonly reported.
Remains of parasitic or free-living worms of the phylum Nematoda, characterized as having slender, cylindrical unsegmented bodies. Cysts of Heterodera commonly occur archaeologically
A collection of associated artefacts recovered from a single site.
Objects found buried alongside the dead in graves.
A style of dressing including all the clothes, accessories etc worn at one time, as in a particular country or period.
The remains of any part of any animal. Use specific term where possible.
Use for the remains of an egg whether from a bird, reptile or amphibian.
Use for the remains of any part of a fish.
Use for the remains of any part of a human.
Use for the remains of any part of an insect.
Use for the remains of any part of a mollusc. Use more specific term if known.
The remains of the shell of an oyster.
Pieces of bone used in a game, the pieces are thrown and then picked up between bounces of a small ball or throws of another piece.
A ball of chalk found on Neolithic sites.
A precious or semi precious stone used within jewellery.
Use for the remains of any part of a bird.
The weapon end of an arrow, often shaped for particular uses.
A tube through which missiles are blown.
A thick heavy weapon used to strike the opponent.
A bow, fixed to a stock, with a mechanism to fire the bow.
A short stabbing weapon with a pointed blade. In Medieval period daggers served a dual function being also used as knives.
A long spear designed to be thrown in order to injure or kill a given target.
A long spear used on horseback.
A single edged sword.
A projectile or group of projectiles fired from a weapon, usually solid rather than explosive.
A long shafted weapon with a pointed head used for thrusting or as a missile.
An object made to hurl a spear further and faster than possible by hand.
A fencing sword often used for recreational purposes.
A flag or military symbolic representation on a pole.
A container used to hold ammunition.
Protective covering for the body.
Piece of armour worn to protect the back, often permanently connected to the breastplate.
A stone missile fired from a ballista, larger in diameter than ballista shot.
A large bolt or arrow fired from a ballista.
A triangular arrowhead retouched to form a central tang and lateral barbs. The sides may be straight or concave.
A type of dagger, usually used by civilians in the medieval period, with a H shaped hilt.
An axe designed for fighting could be single or double headed and used with one or two hands. Where use is thought to be ceremonial multiple index with ceremonial object.
Armour designed to protect the chest, sometimes permanently attached to a backplate.
A type of shield, usually wooden and circular.
Four iron spikes joined together so that when the caltrop is on the ground a spike is always pointing upwards. Used to disable infantry and cavalry.
A solid ball fired from cannons, size and weight would depend on the calibre of the cannon.
The case containing the charge for a firearm.
A device used to throw projectiles, can vary from a small forked stick for hurling stones to a large engine of war to hurl large projectiles.
A two edged broadsword.
A flexible armour designed to protect the torso.
A pointed projectile fired from a crossbow designed to injure or kill a given target.
Armour designed to protect the torso, and consists of both back and breast plates.
A flat heavy slightly curved blade.
A small narrow pointed missile that is thrown or shot.
A defensive or protective covering for the head.
Armour designed to protect the foot.
An axe used by the Saxons and Franks for throwing.
Armoured covering to protect the hand and wrist.
A small explosive device, usually hand thrown.
A long handled weapon which has a long blade in line with the shaft, sharpened on both sides and ending in a point.
A shaped flint used in flintlocks to create the spark to fire the gun.
A combination of spear and axe on a long handle.
Armour used to protect a horse.
A weapon which is a blade fixed to a long handle.
A stone or metal head on a wooden shaft. Where the use is thought to be ceremonial multiple index with ceremonial object.
Armour made up of interlaced metal rings.
A heavy, smooth bore, long barrelled weapon, fired from the shoulder.
Decorative armour used for parades and display, not for combat.
A long wooden shafted weapon tipped with a metal point.
A form of handgun.
Armour formed from thin pieces of metal fastened together or on leather or some strong woven material.
A short stabbing weapon.
A long shaft topped by an axe head. Differs from a battleaxe by the length of the shaft.
A container to provide a set amount of gun powder.
A long narrow two edged sword with a guarded hilt, used as a thrusting weapon.
A deliberately made missile fired from a sling.
A small shield.
An arrowhead which has a straight cutting edge.
A weapon with a long shaft and a three pronged head.
A hammer designed to fight with, often has a hammer side and a spiked side.
A form of compass, sometimes with a screw for setting to small intervals.
A stamp, made of clay or stone, used to mark bars of eye ointment.
A balance measuring weight by the tension of a spring.
An instrument, usually consisting of a disc and pointer, formerly used to make astronomical measurements, especially of the altitudes of celestial bodies and as an aid in navigation.
An instrument showing the direction of magnetic north and bearings from it.
A case or container for an amulet.
A jar used to store medicines, drugs or the constituent parts of medicines and drugs.
A ladle used for the making of drugs and medicines.
One of a set used in pharmacy to measure volume or weight for dispensing.
A strip of cloth used for binding a wound.
A container used to catch blood during bleeding.
A small hand operated rotary drill used by dentists.
A small containment for drugs which can be ingested.
A long, slender, flexible tube for inserting into a body cavity for the introduction or withdrawal of fluids.
Equipment used to perform circumcision.
A knife that is used for circumcision.
A pair of scissors used in circumcision.
A plate used during circumcision.
A staff to support a lame or legless person.
Tool used in dentistry either for examination or surgery.
A container, usually glass, used for storing medicinal substances.
A thin scoop used for cleaning the ear.
A small shaped container designed to bathe the eye.
An instrument in the form of a pair of pincers used to grip and pull objects, usually used in surgery.
A pointed two-edged surgical knife.
A piece of material, usually glass, which has been ground into shape to enhance vision or protect the eyes.
an instrument or tool used for medical purposes.
A vessel used for medical purposes.
A bottle used for the storage of medicine.
An instrument using lenses to magnify the object being viewed.
A jar for the storage of ointment.
A small bottle for liquids.
A container for pills or tablets.
A tool used to examine or explore a cavity eg surgically for exploring the depth and direction of wounds.
An instrument for holding back a part of a body eg an organ.
A small knife used in surgery.
A flat object which is broad and rounded at one end and tapers to a handle at the other.
A cylinder containing a piston by which fluid can be ejected or sucked in.
A calculating table or frame, specifically one in which balls slide upon wires. Used for the mechanical solution of arithmetical problems.
A scale or index of a sextant, astrolabe or similar instrument.
An instrument for measuring height above sea level.
An instrument for viewing or measuring information on heavenly bodies.
An apparatus for weighing, usually consists of a beam on a pivot with a means of supporting the object to be weighed on one side and weights on the other.
Weight used with any kind of balance.
An instrument for measuring atmospheric pressure by its effects on mercury in a glass tube. It can also be used to measure altitude and depth and is especially used for predicting the weather.
A balance with unequal arms where the contents of a pan on the short arm are weighed by a weight or weights attached to the long arm.
A device for telling the time by the sun, using the shadow cast by a gnomon, or sometimes a spot of light through a small hole. They were often used for checking the accuracy of clocks. They range from panels on the sides of churches to pocket watch size.
A piece of wood scored across with notches for the items of an account and then split into halves of which each party kept one.
An instrument designed to measure temperature.
A portable timepiece capable of being worn on the wrist or carried in a pocket.
An object with a broad enough blade which catches the wind and so is pushed until it shows the direction the wind is blowing in.
An object used to weigh something down or to measure the weight of another object.
A weight used for the measurement of wool.
A measuring container to measure dry goods.
A table of months and days in the year.
An instrument for measuring the angle of slopes, usually in inches per yard, consisting of a weighted graduated wheel with movable sights.
A measuring rule used for cloth, with the imperial yard divided into quarters and nails (sixteenths), or using the now obsolete ell of 45 inches.
An instrument for determining, measuring or setting out right angles, usually consisting of two pieces or arms set at right angles to each other, but sometimes with the arms hinged or pivoted to measure any angle.
Weight on the end of a graduated line for measuring the depth of water.
A box with one transparent side within which a picture, jewel etc can be displayed.
An instrument for measuring the angular distance of objects, and particularly used for navigation by noting the position of the stars.
Right angled triangular plate for determining, measuring or setting out set angles.
A reversible device for measuring time by the transfer of sand from upper to lower glass bulb.
A graduated length of material used for measuring distances.
An instrument for measuring or drawing angles, consisting of a quarter circle, graduated to 90 degrees, with a movable arm.
An instrument for measuring angles, usually in the form of a graduated semi-circle.
An indicator of the extent and or ownership of a property.
A weight hung on a piece of string or twine used to show the vertical.
A body suspended so as to be free to swing, especially one regulating the work of a clock.
A dial for showing the hours of the night by the moon.
An object used to mark each mile and to indicate distances to locations.
A container which holds a set quantity of a substance, can be graduated to show quantities.
A measuring rule not graduated in feet.
An instrument for establishing the horizontal line of sight and used in surveying. It usually has an eyepiece and an air bubble in a glass tube or dome.
A weight used with letter scales for weighing letters or parcels and establishing the required postal rate.
A sandglass that runs for an hour.
A container holding a set quantity used specifically for measuring grains or cereal.
A pillar, rod, pin, or plate of a sundial, showing time by its shadow.
A graduated vessel or instrument for gauging or measuring the force or quantity of a fluctuating object, such as rainfall, tide, wind etc.
A measuring rule graduated in feet.
An instrument for taking measurements and describing circles, with two straight arms connected at one end by a movable joint.
A system of communication used in a house to summon servants or on board ship to transmit orders to the engine room.
A bound collection of paper or other materials.
Mountings, often decorative, attached to a book.
A papal document.
A written journal, often of a personal nature.
A piece of written or printed matter providing a record of events, agreements, ownership or identification.
A stamp used to emboss paper.
A coloured fluid used for writing, drawing and printing.
A container for holding ink.
A pot for ink usually housed in a hole in a desk.
Signs or badges of office, honour, membership, occupation etc.
Written or typed correspondence, usually between two or more parties.
A document or book written by hand.
A brush for applying paint.
A writing material prepared from the pithy stem of an aquatic plant.
An animal skin prepared as a writing or painting surface.
An object used to prick holes on each side of a manuscript page to mark the postion of the horizontal lines.
An instrument for writing or drawing with ink.
An instrument for writing or drawing, which usually consists of a thin rod of graphite surrounded by a wooden cylinder.
A diagram or drawing made by projection onto a horizontal plane, often of a building.
The barrel of a feather, usually goose, used as a pen.
A container for sand which was used to stop ink from spreading.
A roll of paper or parchment, especially with writing upon it.
A tube for conveying the voice from one room or building to another.
A pointed instrument for writing, usually on wax tablets.
A brush used in writing.
Two or more tablets of wood attached by a string or leather thong, with a raised border one side of which was filled with wax to write upon. Thin wooden tablets with ink writing are also known.
An instrument which creates a buzzing noise.
An instrument made of a hollow cylinder or hemisphere covered at one or both ends and sounded by striking.
A metal disk with a turned rim, giving a resonant note when struck.
A book of hymns.
A small edge blown instrument with no finger holes, producing one note.
Semi precious stone or glass engraved with a design and used to make an impression on wax or clay.
A book containing prayers.
Official currency printed or written onto paper which can be directly exchanged for goods, services or coins.
A lead seal marking newly woven cloth which served as a quality control method in medieval and post medieval periods.
An iron bar or ingot of distinctive form with a pinched end previously thought to have been used as a medium of exchange in the Iron Age but is now believed to be a roughout for a sword.
A lockable box for holding money and valuables.
Silver rings believed to have been used in the Hebrides and Irish Sea regions during the Viking period, and derived from Hiberno-Viking arm rings.
An unofficial, usually local, substitute for coinage, which could be exchanged directly for goods or services in certain areas or with specified retailers.
A strong vehicle with four wheels for carrying loads, usually horse or ox drawn.
Any non structural fitting on a vehicle.
A vehicle on runners for carrying loads or passengers, especially over snow. Could be drawn by horses, dogs, reindeer and/or pushed or pulled by people.
A device on a boat's gunwale serving as a fulcrum for an oar and keeping it in place.
A short, broad bladed oar used without a rowlock.
A pole with a blade used for rowing or steering a boat by leverage against the water.
A vehicle containing a couch shut in by curtains and carried by men or beasts of burden.
An object which perforated the axle cap, passing through the axle and so keeping the wheel in place. Usually made of metal, though can be made of wood or antler.
A small boat of wickerwork covered by a watertight material.
A vehicle used in warfare, racing or to carry passengers.
A mounting or fixture attached to a cart.
A vehicle with two wheels for carrying loads.
A wheeled passenger vehicle, especially one with four wheels and pulled by horses.
A small, narrow boat with pointed ends propelled by paddling.
A small vessel propelled on water by an engine, oars or sails.
A rod or spindle, either fixed or rotating, on which a wheel or group of wheels is fixed.
Usually made of iron, this bound the end of an axle and was perforated to allow a linch pin to pass through the axle and keep the wheel in place.
A heavy weight used to moor a ship.
A blade attached to a shoe to glide on ice. It can be made of bone, and examples are known from at least as early as the Bronze Age. Metal blades have progressively replaced bone skates since the sixteenth century.
A circular frame or disc arranged to revolve on an axle and used to facilitate the motion of a vehicle.
A bent piece of metal or bone, often with a barb, which is tied to a line and used to catch fish.
A small doll controlled by the operators hand either directly or with strings.
A staff of office or authority.
A small structure used to support strings on an instrument pushing them away from the body of the instrument.
A piece of wood attached to a thong that makes a roaring sound when the thong is whirled.
A thin piece of metal which when struck vibrates to produce a sound, can be used in pairs.
A stringed musical instrument, usually played with a bow.
A pipe in which air is made to vibrate by blowing across an edge, including transverse flutes and recorders.
A stringed instrument with a fingerboard which has frets on it.
A stringed instrument usually with a triangular frame.
A trumpet type of instrument made from or in imitation of an animal horn.
Decorative mounts on horse harness
An instrument consisting of a small lyre-shaped metal frame held between the teeth, with a steel tongue plucked with the finger.
A plucked string instrument of a specific medieval / early post medieval type.
A plucked string instrument in which the strings pass over the soundbox and parallel to the sides of the instrument.
A stringed instrument with a very rounded body.
A musical instrument with a toothed cylinder.
An instrument composed of several pipes in which air is made to vibrate by blowing across the top edge.
Any instrument for plucking or strumming a string eg a small piece of wood or plastic used to strum a guitar.
A hollow instrument containing material that produces sound when shaken.
A medieval wind instrument.
A circular frame with a stretched membrane and small cymbals in the frame.
An instrument which has a cupped mouthpiece and may have a straight, bent or curved tube. It includes slide trumpets like the trombone.
The peg of a stringed instrument which, when tightened or loosened, tunes the string of the instrument.
A stringed instrument usually played with a bow.
Any dome shaped metal bell struck either by an internal clapper or by a hammer.
A specific type of hand held hollowed wooden clapper, known in Europe from medieval times onwards.
An instrument strung with metal pieces which sound when shaken.
A triangle of metal which, when struck, produces a note.
An instrument whirled to produce sound by a piece of flexible wood hitting against a ratchet wheel.
An instrument made by inserting a stick through a membrane stretched over a hollow vessel then played by rubbing the stick.
Instruments of psaltery and dulcimer type.
A framed instrument, in which strings are plucked or hit, operated from a keyboard.
An instrument played mainly by plucking the strings. Use narrower term where known.
An instrument in which strings are vibrated by an internal wheel cranked by a handle.
An instrument where vibrating air is confined by a tube. Use narrower terms where known.
An instrument in which air is made to vibrate by a cane reed.
A composite instrument in which air is forced through one or more drones and chanter from an inflated bag or bladder.
A wooden or metal object used to provide a rhythm by striking another object.
A strung object used to produce sound usually from a string instrument eg a violin bow.
A stick used to beat a drum.
Use type of instrument where known.
A part of a musical instrument played by the feet.
A thin board forming part of a musical instrument and placed in a position to strengthen or increase its sound.
The part of a musical instrument in which notes resonate and increase the sound of the instrument.
Part of an instrument that is used to modify or limit the sound of a note.
A device allowing a variable amount of air through in a single direction which varies the note produced.
The part of an organ or similar instrument into which air is pushed then is emitted through the pipes.
An enclosed, round bell with a slit, sounded by a loose internal pellet.
A pipe designed for smoking opium.
Clothing worn specifically for formalised dancing.
Line used with hooks attached to it in order to catch fish.
A long tapered flexible pole used with a fishing line and usually with a fishing reel.
An object that supports another in water, eg float on a fishing line or net.
A horn used in hunting to give signals.
An object used to retrieve birds used in hawking. Consists of feathers tied to a rope, food is contained in the lure whilst training the birds.
A toy in the image of a human being.
A round object used in games.
A chequered board used to play chess.
A gaming piece used specifically to play chess.
A metal spur fitted to the leg of a fighting cock as an aid in fighting.
A heavy disc, usually thrown.
A flat, oblong gaming piece marked with spots used to play dominoes.
A board marked up to play a game upon.
A box in which one or more games are stored.
Straps fastened around the legs of a hawk.
A small ball, usually of glass or porcelain, used in games.
A toy designed to exercise the ingenuity.
A ring, often metal, which is used to be thrown as part of a game.
A clay tube with a small bowl at the end used for smoking tobacco.
An item designed to be played with by children.
A cup offered as a prize in a contest.
A peg or upright object which is the target of a ball in skittles.
A circular toy which spins on a point. Can be kept spinning by whipping with a lash.
A receptacle used as a home for bees, traditionally made of thick straw work in the shape of a dome,but sometimes made of wood.
A bell worn by a cow to identify its location.
A handheld serrated device for grooming horses.
A strap passing underneath the animal to hold saddle in place.
A rope, clog or fetter used to limit the movement of animals through the tying of two or more feet together.
A strap or series of straps and or bars worn over the mouth of an animal to prevent it biting.
A rope, cord etc used to hold or secure animals.
Headgear for a horse, usually consisting of a series of buckled straps and a mouthpiece, bridle bit, by which the horse is controlled.
A metal mouth piece used to control an animal, usually used on a horse.
Attachments that form part of the bridle.
Thinner and narrower than a horse shoe these are also rarer as donkeys tend to be shod less often than horses.
A spiked stick, the spiked tip frequently of metal, used to urge livestock forward.
The arrangement of straps used to control an animal and/or to attach the animal to a vehicle.
A device in the form of a loop with a flat base hung on either side of a saddle to support the rider's foot.
A piece of equipment fastened on an animal for carrying loads, including riders, or for assisting in traction.
An object for touching or pricking an animal's sides to increase control of it, usually used with horses.
A perforated strip of metal for shoeing the bifurcated hoof of an ox.
A bag containing food hung around a horse's head.
A shaped piece of iron perforated for nails and used on horses.
A form of temporary horseshoe, of Roman date, used when unshod animals were brought onto metalled roads. Usually consists of flat plate, winged sides and hooked heel.
A clip used to attach pieces of harness together.
A hook on harness to help attach items.
Fittings for animal harness.
Decorative fitting hung from harness.
A ring fixed to a vehicle through which the reins were passed.
A vessel with a specially adapted mouthpiece, to assist in feeding young animals and humans.
A heated iron used to label, burn or mark animals, slaves, criminals etc.
A restraining ring usually linked to another.
A chain used to inhibit a slave's freedom.
An encircling ornament for the head, usually denoting sovereignty.
An ornamental wand or rod carried as a symbol of authority
A wooden framework with holes for the feet, and occassionally hands, in which the offender was restrained.
A wooden framework with holes for the head and hands, in which the offender stood.
A structure for hanging criminals, often used to suspend criminals after execution, consisting of one upright post with an arm.
A two post structure with cross beam for hanging criminals.
A chair fixed to the end of a plank which was pivoted to allow the incumbent of the chair to be ducked into water as a punishment.
A post to which the offender is tied to be whipped.
The heraldic bearings or shield of a person, family or corporation.
A stone which bears an inscription commemorating an event or person.
An inscribed marker stone found on Hadrian's Wall.
A stone with the date on it, sometimes of an event, person etc.
A sculpture on top of a tomb etc.
A piece of metal, usually in the form of a disc, struck or cast with an inscription or device to commemorate an event, or awarded as a mark of distinction.
A tool used in etching which is the use of acid to breakdown parts of a metal plate in order to create an image.
A tool used to incise or ipress images.
Associated group of drawing implements.
The sculpted head, shoulders and breast of a person.
A carved bust, figure or representation usually fixed to the bow of a ship.
A light plough used to break up the earth. It does not have a mouldboard to turn the earth.
A tool used to cut or split wood.
A missile consisting of a number of weights joined together by cord. The bolas entangles the legs of a target causing it to fall.
A large container with lip and handle usually for milk.
A storage container designed to contain corn.
A stick for digging up roots etc. Sometimes a stone weight is attached.
A long pointed weapon used to catch fish by stabbing.
A trap designed and used to catch fish.
A net used in fishing to catch or land fish.
A tool for threshing grain.
A pronged iron hook used in cookery.
A shaped stone, which could be hand held, used in combination with a saddle quern to grind or rub grain.
A barbed spear head used to catch marine life, usually has a rope or line attached to it.
A frame set with teeth used to drag over ploughed fields to break down the earth clods etc.
A tool used for weeding and breaking up the ground prior to planting.
A long rope with a noose at one end for catching animals.
A heavy bladed knife.
A tool used for digging where the blade is at right angles to the handle.
A large stone used to grind grain or similar.
An partly-worked millstone that is still to be finished.
An object designed to float in water and to support a net.
A weight used to sink a fishing net in water.
A tool with a pointed head for breaking ground.
A pick with a point at one end and a cutting blade at the other end.
A long handled fork with two or three long curved tines for tossing straw or hay.
An agricultural implement with sharp blades for cutting or turning over the earth.
A tool with a curved blade used for pruning.
A knife designed to be used for pruning plants.
A toothed, handled tool used to drag objects either to gather them together eg grass or hay, or to level them out eg sand or earth.
A machine for cutting down cereal crops.
A hooked blade used to cut crops. All the blade is to one side of the handle rather than being on both sides as in a sickle.
A container for the storage of rice.
A mowing implement with a large curved blade and a long handle.
A small pair of shears with crossed blades, usually used for pruning.
Scissor like tool, usually larger than scissors, used for cutting, pruning or trimming.
A handled tool with a broad blade with slightly raised sides used for scooping or shovelling.
A tool with a curved blade and a short handle. The blade is on both sides of a line extended from the handle. If just on one side use reaping hook.
A tool used for digging the ground.
A machine for mechanically separating the grain from the straw and husks.
A tray used for separating the grain from husks and straw.
An object used to catch animals.
A tool with a handle and curved blade designed to cut through grass sods.
A small cutting hook on a long handle.
A device for separating grain from chaff by means of a wind or current of air.
A large fork with wide spaces between its tines, used to throw grain etc into a breeze to separate grain from chaff.
A large, flattish basket used in winnowing the chaff from the grain.
A fan used to create an air current to separate grain from chaff.
A rock carving, especially a prehistoric one.
A three dimensional representation.
A decorative band or feature.
A three panelled altar decoration that can be closed.
A figure, representation or image, which is itself regarded as sacred.
A structure consecrated for devotional purposes.
The forms of armour used to protect various parts of the body.
A cross designed to be placed upon an altar.
A vase used on the altar.
Use for the function that the armour is intended for, eg parades, field use, decorative etc.
Use for the construction style of the armour, eg plate armour.
Use for items of personal equipment used in a military context, eg AMMUNITION POUCH, PRIMING FLASK.
A container for keeping the ashes of the dead after cremation.
A covered chalice used for the Eucharist.
A vessel containing a religious oil or unguent.
A necklace holding charms or being itself a charm.
A bracelet holding charms or being itself a charm.
An object which contains or is inscribed with spells against disease, witchcraft etc, or providing luck to the wearer.
A stemmed cup used for holding the wine during communion.
A staff used for ceremonial purposes, often highly decorated.
A vessel in which incense is burnt.
A carved head of Iron Age or Roman date, with uncertain use.
Chests connected with the burial of a body.
Head wear of a bride.
A gun designed to fire shells, etc at a high angle.
Movable stand for carrying a body to its grave.
A trinket worn as a protection against evil.
A miniature lead phial worn around the neck as a religious pilgrim sign, generally medieval.
A musket fired by use of a flintlock. A gunflint is held in the lock which on pulling the trigger pushes back the pan cover creating sparks which set off the powder in the pan causing a flame to go through and set off the charge in the barrel.
A long barrelled firearm. The barrel is spirally grooved on the interior, which gives the bullet a spinning motion leading to greater accuracy over a longer range.
A smooth bore weapon usually for firing shot as opposed to bullets.
A container, in the form of an urn, for keeping the ashes of the dead after cremation.
A container within which a body is placed for burial, usually made of lead or wood.
A figurative or decorative object made of corn, used as a charm for luck or to ward off evil spirits.
An object consisting of a vertical member with a transverse member. Usually there is a religious or ritual significance to such an object.
A pendant in the shape of a cross.
The staff or crook of a bishop or abbot.
Military weapon with long shaft and bill style head. For agricultural style bills use bill hook.
A cross with the image of Christ upon it.
A vessel to contain wine or water used in the Eucharist.
An object designed to bring bad luck, divine wrath, disease etc upon the bearer or target of the curse.
A stick used to bring down curses.
A cast of a person's face taken after death.
A band worn around the head to denote sovereignty.
A two panelled altar decoration that can be closed.
A board used in divination.
A bowl used for divination.
A box used for divination.
A figurative representation used in divination.
A staff used in divination.
An axe designed and weighted to be thrown.
A tablet used for divination.
A tray used in divination.
A container to hold and or pour a liquid in honour of a deity.
A container to hold a liquid in honour of a deity.
An object used to hold offerings to a deity.
A utensil used to pour a liquid in honour of a deity.
A container used to hold and or pour a liquid in honour of a deity.
A tear shaped container.
A bowl used to contain and burn incense.
An object used to burn incense in.
A container for incense.
A small shovel used with incense.
A small spoon used with incense.
Tongs used with incense.
A bowl used in magical ceremonies.
An image of a deity used as a focus for worship, usually used for non Christian images.
A brush or perforated ball on a handle used to sprinkle holy water.
A box to contain the dowry which is a gift or endowment given to or on behalf of the wife.
A spoon used to dispense communion wine.
A vessel, usually made of stone, which contains the consecrated water for baptism.
Includes materials such as scattered pebbles which act as a grave covering. For a single stone use GRAVE SLAB.
An object placed to mark the site of a grave.
A stone placed over or at the head or foot of a grave, or at the entrance to a tomb.
A large cross designed to be carried in a procession.
A stick inscribed with a prayer or prayers for use in praying.
A scroll containing prayers.
A bead or group of beads used in prayer.
A badge, usually of lead alloy, distributed at various religious shrines of the medieval period and worn on clothing as proof of a pilgrimage and as a talisman.
A religious receptacle, especially Jewish where it contains four Hebrew texts worn during morning prayers.
An object fashioned in the image of a penis.
A tablet with a handle fitted to the back of it.
A plate used in the Eucharist.
A religious cloth often used to cover coffins.
An object that contains bones. Use a monuments thesaurus where this is a site type.
A ring used in the marriage ceremony.
A flat level structure, can be part of a series, used to allow a person to move from one level to another, or can occur singularly on a threshold.
The spanning of an opening without the use of a lintel.
Fragments of a structure, usually material that has been worked.
A vertical pillar or post, often shaped.
A load carrying horizontal structural member.
A hollow or rectangular block which acts as a flue allowing the passage of gases or heat.
A bottle for the confinement of evil spirits.
An oblong mass of hardened clay or mud, used in building.
A strip of lead holding small pieces of glass (quarries) in a window.
A container for holding votive offerings.
A dedicated or consecrated offering.
The upper part of a column or pier.
A stone placed across a grave.
A grave or sepulchre including a monument.
A vertical structure used to draw off smoke from a fire.
A seat of state, often highly decorative, used by monarchs, bishops, etc.
A square or cylindrical pipe at the top of a chimney which helps the draught of air.
A long vertical pillar usually of stone used as a structural support in buildings often artistically sculpted or shaped.
A shaped and or carved stone.
A support projecting from a wall.
An object representing the sun, made of bronze or gold usually dating from the European Bronze Age.
A term for a drinking vessel, although its use often implies a recognised quantity.
A sheet or cloth used to lay the corpse out in for burial.
An object in the shape of an Egyptian dung beetle, used to symbolise the motive power of the sun. Use specific term where known.
A stone coffin.
A knife used for sacrifices.
A string of beads used to aid the memory in reciting a set of devotions.
An ornament at the top of a roof or spire.
An architectural ornament usually surmounting the apex of a gable, canopy or roof.
A brick made of clay which is difficult to fuse, used in boilers and fireplaces.
A layer of impervious material, such as lead or bitumen, usually placed between a wall and a roofline to exclude water.Impervious material to exclude water.
The lower surface of a room.
A tile used within a floor.
A metal or wooden framework suspended within an opening in an external wall, fence, hedge etc, to allow ingress or egress.
A curved roofing tile.
A horizontal beam over an opening to support a wall.
An ornamental decoration which projects from the surface it is part of.
A fence made of pales.
An individual section of panelling. Can form fences, ceilings, an outer layer to a wall etc.
A rectangular pier projecting slightly from the face of the wall it buttresses.
A long piece of timber, thicker than a board.
A tile which covers the ridge of a roof.
A comparatively thick, roughly shaped piece of stone, usually square or rectangular, used to roof structures.
A thin, flat rectangular piece of slate, or similar material, used as a roofing tile.
A thin slab of hard material, such as baked clay, shaped and used in quantity as a roofing material.
A thin piece of wood used as a roofing material.
The base to a door or window frame or of a wall.
Glass that has been coloured by fusing glass with a metallic oxide film or by burning pigment into the surface.
A substantial piece of timber which is part of, and integral to, the structure of a building.
A flat tile with raised or flanged edges, used with imbrex for roofing.
A slab which can be decorated, shaped, hollow etc. Used for a variety of purposes in construction.
An opening within a structure to allow air and light in and or to allow a sight outside or inside.
Glass used within a window, usually to protect from the elements, can permit a view through it or can be for decorative purposes.
A container for the storage and or use of cosmetics.
An associated group of toilet articles.
A thin flat slab used to mix cosmetics on.
A set of small pincers used for gripping and plucking.
A container for ointments or perfume.
A toothed strip of material used to disentangle hair. Can be either single or double sided.
A comb made up of riveting together sections between connecting plates.
An object designed to add curls into hair.
An object designed to add curls to a wig.
A sharp blade used for shaving.
A bowl specifically used for shaving.
An object made of sponge used to wash or clean with.
A curved blade used by the Romans and Greeks to scrape the body after bathing.
An object used to pick the teeth with.
A bowl used to wash in.
A set of clippers for finger or toe nails.
A small file for manicuring a person's nails with.
An associated group of manicure implements.
A metal receptacle used for burning coals, charcoal etc to provide heat.
An enclosed container to hold coals or logs of a fire.
A screen to intercept the heat from a fire.
A slim piece of wood used to ignite fires, lamps, ovens etc.
A large, branched candle holder.
An object made up of a wick surrounded by wax or tallow which burns slowly to provide light.
A holder for a candle, usually fitted to another object.
An object in which a candle is put in order to provide light.
An object used to stop a candle burning.
A tall holder for candles which stands on the floor.
A container for one or more candles.
A hanging frame with branches which act as candle holders or to which lights are attached.
An open lamp which was filled with oil then a wick floated on the oil.
A pair of uprights supporting a crosspiece. Often very decorative, fire dogs were probably used as a spit or to hold pots over the fire.
A horizontal pierced metal object upon which to hold the coals of a fire.
A wall plate used by insurance companies to identify insured property.
A tool used to pull down burning structures.
Stone used to line a furnace or oven.
A lamp designed to be hung rather than to stand.
An appliance that produces light by means of a liquid fuel and a wick.
A small container used to fill a lamp with fuel.
An attachment to a lamp.
The support from which a lamp was hung.
An object which encloses a light source but allows light out through holes, glass etc.
An object which does not provide light but supports or is attached to lighting equipment.
A light made by dipping a rush in grease.
A long slim candle used for igniting objects.
A twisted fibre which is immersed in wax, grease or oil except for one end which is lit.
A pan with a long handle which would be filled with coals and drawn over sheets to warm a bed.
A place on which a fire is made.
A chamber for heating or baking objects.
A triangular sectioned rod probably used for making sparks.
A vessel with heating apparatus beneath it, for cooking or keeping food warm at the table.
A bar fixed across a frame at an angle to stiffen it.
A form of padlock with a cylindrical case and bolts and springs attached to spines.
A key, usually with a long stem, its terminal is generally hooked or looped, and bit set at angle to stem with radiating or looped wards.
A cord or handle which rings a bell when pulled.
A metal pin, often with a screw thread and used in conjunction with a nut.
A sliding metal bar, often fixed to a door or similar, which moves through staples so that its end fixes into another staple or hole which is attached to a fixed object, eg a door frame.
A key usually with a long stem with bit, stem and terminal in line.
A metal, stone or wooden projection with a flat upper surface to support a shelf, arch, statue etc.
A device to catch and hold one object to another, eg a door to a doorpost.
A series of connecting metal links.
A tool for holding or compressing objects together.
A contrivance of interlocking parts used to fasten objects together.
A piece of wood or iron to secure ropes, etc to or on.
A nail adapted so that the end of the nail can be turned over and driven back into the substance through which it has passed.
An object used to grip together objects.
An object which is attached to or connected with a door.
A type of staple used to hold two object together.
An object to fasten, bind or join one item to another.
A metal collar or cap to strengthen the end of tubes, sticks, shafts, etc. Use with specific object name where known eg spear and ferrule.
An attachment to furniture that can be detached.
An object from which clothes can be hung.
A hinged or looped clasp that fits over a staple and is secured by a pin, bolt or padlock.
Movable joint attached to fixtures and fittings to enable opening and closure of eg a door.
A metal fastener used to hold a tile or stone against a spacer and driven into a wall thus forming a flue between the wall and the tile or stone. Also used to hold timber together.
An object which has been bent and angled from which something else can be caught or suspended.
An object made of two verticals with rungs between for ascending or descending.
A hook from which a lamp could be hung.
A small bar raised or lowered by a latchlifter which is used to fasten gates or doors etc.
Usually a L or T-shaped tumbler lock key which allowed the bolt to be pulled across by a cord.
A device used to lock another object.
A metal spike for fixing one object to another.
A piece of metal or wood with a hole through which a bolt can be screwed.
A detachable lock with hinged loop used for attachment operated by a key.
An object that is to become a padlock key. It has the correct shape but has yet to be cut to fit the lock.
A wood or metal dowel for joining objects together eg for securing roofing slates.
A pin or bolt, especially one on which some other object turns.
An object used to fill up a hole.
A bolt for fastening metal plates. One end is put through prepared holes and then beaten flat.
A small metal ring through which a nail or rivet is passed and fixed.
A spirally grooved object used to join two or more materials together.
A form of tumbler lock key which pushes the bolt.
A sharp, pointed metal object.
A metal pin with two arms which is passed through a hole and held in place by the springing apart of the arms.
Coiled metal used to give or limit motion.
A piece of pointed wood, usually to be driven into the ground.
A three sided or U-shaped metal fastener on which the ends are pointed.
A plug for closing the neck of a container.
A thin strip of material used for binding.
A sharp pointed nail with a large flat head.
A device to limit the amount of liquid coming from a pipe or hole.
A portable shelter, usually of fabric or leather.
An iron rod with both ends sharpened and turned down, used for holding timbers together.
A wooden cylinder or dowel used for pinning planks or timbers together.
A hook with a spiked tang which allows it to be driven into a vertical surface.
A small disc or flat ring of metal, wood or leather.
A tent especially one made of bark, rushes or skins spread over a set of arched poles that are lashed together.
An object attached to a window which is removable.
A protective covering to a drain.
A pipe designed to act as a drain or within a drain.
Parts of a building's fabric, structures and associated services, eg drain pipe. If the structure is complete use a monument type thesaurus.
A container made of interwoven strips of pliable materials, such as cane or reed, often carried by a handle.
Container with arched handle used for carrying liquids, foodstuffs etc.
A container in which plants are grown.
A revolving stone used to sharpen or polish by grinding.
A small flake or blade with a series of notches along the edge.
A flake or blade tool with more than one notch on its edge.
A very small flint or other stone tool.
A tool of flint or other stone, usually worked bifacially, and thought to be a fairly general purpose tool.
A bronze axehead of middle or late Bronze Age date in which the side flanges and the bar/stop on both faces are connected, forming a single hafting aid. For palstaves with side loops use looped palstave.
A flint tool with a convex top and flat base.
A tool with a sharp tapering end used for piercing materials or as a weapon point.
A container, usually round and deep.
The point or tine of a fork.
A device for winding and casting a fishing line, consisting of a revolving spool with a handle attached to a fishing rod.
A flake that has had small flakes removed to blunt, sharpen, refine the outline or prepare the edge of the tool.
A tool used to filter solid material from liquid by means of a mesh, net or sheet with holes.
A narrow container, especially one in which food or water for animals is put.
A large container for holding or storing liquids.
A small, heavy object used for keeping loose papers in place.
A container used to hold substances for dying or painting.
A long usually cylindrical object usually made of wood.
A stick or rod with an attached lash.
A cylindrical container, usually bulging outward in the middle and usually held together by metal hoops.
A round container, open and wide at the top with sides sloping inwards toward the bottom.
A hand held device with bristles or hairs used for cleaning or painting.
A large stopper, often of cork.
A unifacially worked early stone tool.
A block on which objects are chopped or cut.
A tool for splitting and chopping.
A stone used to crush objects.
An object used to aid pouring a substance through a small opening.
A tool for scooping loose substances, usually with a handle and a curved blade partially covered at the handle end.
A container with a perforated bottom through which material is shaken or poured.
A form of stopper used to regulate the flow of liquid, often used in a barrel.
An object worn, or carried, to cover the face.
Flexible, twisted fibres, joined together, for tying objects.
A distinguishing emblem or mark, often worn to signify membership, achievement, employment etc.
A flag bearing a device, often carried on two poles or hanging from a cross piece. Usually used in processions.
A piece of fabric with a design, used as an emblem for military or naval purposes, signalling, decoration, display, propaganda etc.
The purpose of this object is unknown though it could be for surveying or it could be a charm.
A type of bowl designed to be suspended, usually from the roof.
An heraldic design depicting armorial bearings.
A form of axehead where the body is hollow allowing for insertion of the haft. Usually bronze or iron and of late Bronze Age or Iron Age date. Most examples feature a side loop to further assist hafting.
A container, usually rectangular and having a removable or hinged lid.
A box used for storage or shipping.
A small box or chest for valuables, especially jewels.
Stone used as a building material which has been finished, or dressed, before use.
A screen used to decorate or protect an opening.
A shaped piece of wood that makes up a barrel, key etc.
The windlass used to wind rope around to raise and lower the bucket in a well.
An object, usually wood or metal used to force open or keep open another object. Often used to split timber by striking the thick end and forcing the wood apart.
Any by-product which cannot be reused.
Twin bars riveted together which can open and close allowing it to grip objects, usually to lift and move them.
A pattern cut out in wood or metal to help shape something accurately or to reproduce shapes.
A tool used to sharpen another tool or object.
Twin blades each with a sharpened edge connected together by a pivot which cut when opened and closed on an object.
A tool for cutting substances eg wood, metal etc. Its blade has teeth down one edge.
A pattern used to create a consistent shape for an object, often hollow and reusable.
A wooden hammer.
A stone used for sharpening edged tools, knives etc.
A blunt headed instrument used for striking objects.
A tool used to hit fabric, eg to remove dust or dirt.
Scissor like object used for cutting, clipping, shearing etc.
A flint tool for piercing holes.
An object used to create a blast of air.
A small, pierced, often spherical or cylindrical, piece of glass, wood,etc, which may be strung together with others to form a necklace.
A sawn piece of timber, thinner than a plank and often rectangular.
A pointed spout attachment.
A conspicuous ornament usually a feather or of horse hair worn attached to headwear.
A projection on which an object is fastened or which can pass through eyelets to fasten.
A device controlling the passage of liquids or gases.
A cover for an object, usually designed to fit the object.
Use specific type where known, eg picture frame.
A border put around a picture to enhance it and ususally to hold in place the picture and any covering, eg glass.
A stopper made of cork used to prevent liquid escaping from a container.
A tap inserted into a barrel to allow liquid to be drawn from it.
A single seat with back and arms and usually upholstered.
A large container used for washing the body.
To be used for the frame elements only, not for the bedding.
A thick fabric cover used to provide warmth.
A shade for a window.
A long pillow, especially one used as an under pillow.
A piece of furniture containing shelves, cupboards or drawers for storage or display.
Thick material, usually woven, used as a covering for the floor.
A single seat with a back, sometimes also arms.
A container used as a lavatory.
A piece of furniture containing a chamber pot or wash basin.
A child's bed, usually without rockers.
A long seat for reclining on.
A child's bed, usually with rockers.
A piece of furniture with one or more doors concealing storage space.
Hanging drapery used to cover an opening eg a window, often decorative.
An object which supports or is attached to a blind.
An object which supports or is attached to a curtain.
Bag filled with soft stuffing used to support the body.
An article laid over the floor or ground as a protcetive and or decorative covering.
Movable, usually functional, articles in a room. Use only for objects believed to be furniture where more specific term is not identifiable.
The cover for a garderobe on which a person would sit.
Material hung from walls, excluding paper.
A bag or case stuffed or padded, designed to be slept on.
A bench with a back, usually in a church.
A bag stuffed with soft material used to support the head whilst sleeping.
An object to sit upon. Use narrower terms where known.
A large piece of material used on a bed for sleeping on or under.
A moveable covering, usually to a window, made up of a frame containing slats set at an angle. Allows air to circulate but limits light entering.
A small type of seat, usually without a back, set on legs.
A flat surface supported by legs used for many purposes.
All linen used at the table, including tablecloths.
Large wall hung tapestries only.
A low, wide, open container.
A vessel used as an ornament, often to hold flowers.
An item designed to cover, decorate or enhance a wall.
Paper applied to walls.
An item hung over a window, usually can be open or shut to allow light in.
Type of footwear which covers a minimum of the foot and ankle.
A wooden, or wooden soled, shoe.
A shoe of soft leather.
A sole held onto the foot by straps or thongs.
A covering for the foot not enclosing the ankle.
A light covering for the foot, usually worn indoors.
A garment worn on the foot and lower leg.
A metal reinforcer worn on the sole or heel of a boot.
An extra sole on a shoe.
A spiked, iron plate fixed to a boot for climbing on ice.
A metal stud hammered into the sole of footwear to provide grip.
An overshoe with a thick sole or set on an iron ring to raise the wearer's foot out of the mud and so protect normal shoes.
A metal bar to strengthen the heel and or sole of a piece of footwear.
A mould which is used to provide the shape of a piece of footwear.
The part of footwear that touches the ground.
A form of hat, usually does not cover the forehead nor have a brim, and usually worn by women.
A covering for the head with a peak to shade the eyes.
A pad of cloth or fur for keeping the ears warm.
A piece of strengthened material worn projecting over the forehead and eyes to provide shade for the eyes.
A head covering, usually with a brim.
A band of cloth or other material worn around the head, not totally covering it.
Covering for the head, especially ornamental.
A fine net worn over the hair.
A cloth or scarf worn over the head as a covering.
A piece of cloth worn over the head.
Headwear where a band of material is wound around a cap.
Light material used to cover the face or head.
An artifical head of hair worn to disguise baldness, for adornment, for ceremonial or theatrical use etc.
A piece of material worn over the head and or shoulders.
A long outer garment reaching the ankles.
A loose cloak.
A piece of cloth worn around the loins.
Outerwear designed to protect the legs from weather.
Pleated skirt, usua;;y of a tartan material, worn by men and women.
A loose piece of clothing about hip length worn over other clothes, not usually tucked in at the waist.
Sleeveless short jacket.
Outerwear covering the upperbody, including the arms. Covers to the waist.
Cloth or leather covering for the leg or ankle.
A garment worn by females.
A sleeved outer garment.
A voluminous garment worn over other clothing.
A short hooded cloak.
A garment covering from the waist to the knees, similar to trousers but stop at the knees.
A shirt like garment.
A piece of cloth or plastic worn especially by babies to protect clothes while eating.
A protective outer garment.
An underskirt or dress with little shaping.
A sleeved garment worn on the upper body.
A garment worn from the waist down by women.
A covering for the arm, usually attached to or part of another garment.
A long loose fitting garment worn instead of a coat.
An outer garment worn on the legs.
Clothing worn on the upper body.
A garment used to wrap around a person.
A band worn around the leg to hold up a sock or stocking.
A form of belt or sash worn to hold in garments.
An opaque, rigid sheath used to cover the penis. Not usually contraceptive and not for obvious visual display.
A covering for the leg which fits closely.
Dress designed to be worn for theatrical purposes.
A piece of material worn as a band around the arm.
A band of leather, cloth etc worn usually around the waist to support clothing, carry weapons, pouches, tools etc or as a decoration.
A piece of material, eg metal, cloth, leather etc, added to a button to enhance or embellish it.
A neck band or necklace worn tightly around the throat.
A piece of material worn around the neck. Where it is a collar for an animal use animal collar.
The bottom part of a sleeve, can be ornamental.
A square of fabric tied around the neck.
A piece of fabric worn tied or knotted around the neck.
A cylinder of fur or cloth into which the hands are placed to keep warm.
A covering for the hand.
An object which fastens cross ways.
A garment hook having a flat plate, often decorated, with two or more holes for attachment and a hooked projection. The term is often used for early Medieval examples.
An object designed to be the end of a lace or simimlar to aid the insertion of the lace through a loop or eyelet.
Two discs at the end of a short shank, used to fasten shirt fronts, collars etc.
A small pin or stud worn in the lapel, often decorative.
A projection used to clip clothing together.
A projecting stud which fastens into a socket.
A pin worn to hold two or more pieces of material together, often when being worn as clothing.
An ornamental chain, worn around the ankle.
A purse, sometimes of bronze, usually worn on the forearm.
A band or bracelet worn around the arm.
A flexible container with an opening at one end.
Ornamental band or chain worn around the arm or wrist.
Any brooch with the pin sprung or hinged at one end and the catchplate at the other end of a curved or flat bow. Can be one or two piece construction.
An ornament made of thin plates of gold or silver, with repousse ornament.
Ornament often with a hinged pin and catch, worn fastened to clothing.
A specific type of early medieval pin. Do not use in instances where a pin has become detached from the brooch.
Clasp for fastening together two loose ends.
A stud used for fastening an item usually used for clothing.
A fastener made of a metal circle connected to a metal loop fixed to an object and used to fasten to another object by means of a button or a loop. The usage of these items is unclear, could include use for animals or for dress.
A medallion, as on a brooch or ring, with a stone which is often semi precious with a device carved in relief.
A large portable container used for carrying items such as clothes, papers etc.
A circular ornament worn on the head.
A small object designed to hold together the two ends of a cuff.
Ornamentation worn specifically for formalised dancing.
A hook to join parts of clothing together.
An ornament for the ear, usually clipped to the lobe or fastened through a hole pierced in the lobe.
An ornamental shoulder piece, usually a badge of military office.
A small hole for a lace, cord or hook to be passed through.
A circular band, usually metal, worn on the finger for ornamentation.
A fob can consist of a chain and or a ring.
Protective eyewear.
Decorative ornamentation worn in the hair.
A wig, toupee or section of extra hair designed to replace or enhance the wearer's real hair giving greater quantity, bulk or length.
A pin used to hold hair in place.
A ring used to hold hair in place.
A comb or slide used to hold hair in place.
A piece of fabric for wiping the nose, face or hands.
Decorative ornamentation worn on the head.
An object, often including gems and ornamentation, used as an adornment, usually on a person.
Part of a piece of jewellery.
A small ornamental case, usually on a necklace or chain, that holds a picture, keepsake etc.
Early Bronze Age assumed to be a neck ornament, crescent moon shaped, often gold and elaborately decorated.
A large medal.
A melon shaped bead.
A ring worn around the neck.
A chain, band or cord, often bearing beads, pearls, jewels etc worn around the neck.
A light weight umbrella used as a sun shade.
Breast ornament
A circular or sub circular brooch with an attached pin. There is a gap in the circular part of the brooch.
A ring with separated, often ornamented, terminals.
A supended ornament.
A small bag or detachable outside pocket.
A small bag or pouch for carrying money, especially coins.
A projecting starched frill worn around the neck, especially 16th century.
Long piece of silk etc worn around waist or over one shoulder often as a symbol of rank.
A band of material worn around the neck, waist or shoulder.
A decorative clasp to fix sleeve cuffs together.
A long stick or rod used as an aid in walking, climbing etc. Where it is a weapon use quarterstaff or staff weapon. Where there is another use, use the appropriate term eg surveying staff.
A long scarf or shawl.
A decorative panel worn over the chest and stomach by both men and women in the 16th century and later only by women.
A semi circular jewelled headdress for formal occasions.
Woman's fur cape for the shoulders.
Long stole worn by Anglican clergy during a service.
A ring worn on a toe.
A folding circular cover on a stick held in the hand for protection against rain.
A stick used as an aid or accessory when walking.
A band worn around the wrist as a bracelet.
Storage vessel, usually a two handled narrow necked jar.
A tool for removing the core from an apple.
Used for holding water and washing hands, usually in the shape of an animal.
A straight sided drinking vessel, usually with a wide mouth and without handles.
A round container open at the top, usually to hold liquids.
A large pot used for boiling.
A large, flat dish.
A device with two flat plates and a mechanism used to force the plates together, to help solidify milk products in cheese making.
A stick for agitating milk in a butter churn.
A pan with a perforated bottom for straining or rinsing food.
A stone or stone platform in a fire upon which cooking vessels are placed.
A container designed to assist in cooling foodstuffs or liquids. Use specific type where known.
A device for removing the core from fruit.
Hand held instruments which assist in the holding, cutting and eating of food.
A stoppered bottle, for serving drinks.
A container used for holding or serving food, especially an open shallow container.
A drinking vessel, usually curved in shape, fashioned out of animal tusk or horn and sometimes with bands of decoration.
A large jug or pitcher with a wide mouth.
An object used to preserve fish by immersing the fish in smoke.
Container with a handle, spout and narrow neck.
A bottle with a narrow neck used for wine, oil etc.
A hand held utensil with two or more prongs to hold food.
A long handled shallow pan used for frying.
A container for drinking, with a base and stem but without handles.
A wide mouthed container, usually cylindrical without handles.
A container for holding or pouring liquids, usually having a handle or lip.
A vessel with a lid, handle and spout used particularly for boiling water.
A long handled scoop usually used with liquids.
An object assumed to be to pick limpets out of their shells.
A hand held device for mashing food, usually with a flat holed base attached to a handle.
A drinking bowl, often wooden.
A drinking vessel with a handle.
An instrument for breaking open hard shelled nuts.
A broad container, usually used for cooking.
A large shallow bowl for letting liquids stand.
A jar adapted by the addition of one straight handle, attached to either rim or body, and usually with a lip at right angles to the handle. The body is generally rounded, with a short neck and an everted rim. (Source: MPRG)
A large jug, usually rounded with a narrow neck, used for holding liquids.
A shallow, usually circular, dish on which food is served or eaten from.
A small dish, often with a handle, for soup, porridge etc.
A pot for drinking hot milk curdled with ale and flavoured with spice used as a remedy eg for colds.
A stone heated in a fire then dropped into a liquid to heat it.
A form of frying pan, usually medieval.
A device to hold and rotate food against a heat source during cooking.
Implement with a shallow bowl at the end of a handle used to eat with or to stir food etc.
A device for containing food whilst cooking it by the action of steam.
A large one handled drinking vessel, sometimes fitted with a hinged lid.
A tripod used to support pots over a fire.
A drinking vessel with two or more handles.
A vase-like receptacle, especially a large bulbous one with a foot.
A container used to assist in cooling wine.
A flexible container, usually leather, for the storage and transportation of wine.
A type of retort used for distillation.
A container used upon the altar.
A container used as a lavatory by bedridden people.
A container, typically cylindrical with a narrow neck, usually for containing liquids.
A vessel used to produce butter from milk through agitation.
A portable confining enclosure or framework.
A metal container for liquids and foodstuffs, often sealed.
A large bottle, generally protected by a basket or box, usually used for containing corrosive liquids, etc.
A portable medieval container usually cylindrical or barrel shaped.
A metal basket, mounted on a pole, in which oil or pitch was burned for illumination.
A container in which substances are heated to high temperatures.
A small earthenware container used for liquids.
A vessel used in 'dry cupping' to form a vacuum over an area of skin.
A large container used for the process of cleansing and thickening cloth by beating and washing.
A container for holding water that has been blessed by a priest and is used for symbolic rituals of purification.
A small barrel.
A container for kohl, a powder usually made of antimony, used as eye shadow.
A basin of water used by priests for ritual ablutions.
A bowl used in the marriage ceremony.
A bottle for the storage and transportation of milk.
A large container for milk.
A Roman mixing vessel with a gritted inner surface.
A container in which needles are held.
A container used to hold an offering.
A container for perfume.
Large shallow dish or plate.
A pot for fine powder.
A box with a perforated top used for perfume.
A glass vessel with a long tapering neck that is bent down. Used for distillation.
A large bag made of coarse cloth or thick paper.
A strong container, usually metal, secured for storing money or valuables.
A container for cooking.
A receptacle for spittle, usually used in a public place.
A large container or reservoir for liquids or gases.
A Roman wine cup with a shallow bowl and a circular foot.
A thin flat board or plate usually with a raised edge on which things can be carried.
A large strong case or box used to contain objects for storage or transport.
A flat bottomed drinking vessel with no handle or stem.
A container used to assist in cooling water.
A tube to produce drops of liquid.
A container, usually metal, used to water plants.
A vessel for the storage and transport of wine.
A tray for separating grain from chaff.
A cutting tool where the plane of the blade is at right angles to the shaft.
A shafthole adze with additional hammer knob, normally polished stone.
A tool with a cross handle at one end and a spoon shaped or gouge cutter at the other, used for drilling holes.
The cutting part of an auger.
A simple, pointed implement for piercing.
A method of grinding cereals where one stone is rotated on another by hand.
A pointed tool used to pierce holes, usually in textiles.
A tool used to polish the surface of an artefact.
A flat board with short spikes used to comb out the staple of wool to remove tangles before spinning. Usually used in pairs.
A cutting tool for shaping and carving materials, often used in conjunction with a hammer or mallet.
An engraved stamp used to impress an image onto another object.
A rod around which fibre is wound for spinning
A tool for boring holes.
The cutting part of a drill. Often bits are interchangeable.
A flint blade or flake with retouch on one or both ends.
Used to detach flakes from cores or tools.
A tool, usually metal, with roughened surfaces in the form of very small teeth.
A knife with a hinged blade which folds into a slot in the handle.
A tool with a sharp, concave edge for shaping wood, stone or metal.
A device with a sharpened surface used to grate objects such, as vegetables or cheese, into smaller pieces.
A hand held tool for marking or graving.
A non perforated stone used as a hammer in making stone tools.
A tool used in making wooden hurdles.
An instrument used to create and link loops of yarn to produce a garment.
A bar used to increase the force being brought to bear in order to move an object.
A flattened glass sphere used to give linen a gloss.
An apparatus worked by hand or mechanically for weaving yarn into textile.
A tool used to impart an image, impression or mark onto a surface.
A spike for separating the strands of a rope.
A massive hammer of wood, stone or iron.
A specially designed chisel for producing ornamental mouldings.
A tool for extracting nails, tacks, pins etc from objects.
A needle for making and mending nets, often forked at both ends.
A device with a handle and cutting edge to help remove skin from vegetables and fruit.
A small, sharp bladed knife for sharpening pens, originally sheathed, now the blades fold.
A tool for gripping with, often used to pinch objects together.
A tool used to smooth wood. It has a flat surface with an adjustable blade protruding through it.
A gripping tool consisting of two hinged arms, usually with serrated jaws.
A bar or rod, usually of metal, used to push another object into place eg to push coals within a fire.
Polished bone used to burnish objects eg pottery.
Equipment or tool used to compress an object into a desired form, a flatter appearance etc.
A tool for perforating or stamping, used in conjunction with a hammer.
A stone for grinding grain.
A quern where one stone is rotated on another to grind grain.
A stone with a concave upper surface on which grain was ground by using a rubbing stone.
A hard sharp point used to cut a design into metal.
A tool used in the separation of fibres from the bark in flax working.
An object that carries the weft in a loom without the need to be passed from hand to hand. The thread is wound into the shuttle and can be used in hand or machine looms
A pin used to hold meat together whilst cooking.
A tool used to impart heat in order to fuse two or more metal surfaces together.
A wooden rod passed through a spindle whorl. Used to handspin fibre.
A device to extract juice, usually from fruit.
Hook used to support cloth on a tenter frame after fulling to dry the cloth.
A needle used to sew together thatch.
A small cap for protecting the finger or thumb whilst sewing.
A small blade for moving earth, applying liquids such as plaster, smoothing etc.
A toothed comb used to beat the weft against the cloth in weaving.
A tool with adjustable jaws for gripping and turning objects.
A block, usually of iron, upon which objects are shaped and hammered eg in smithing.
A mould in which an axehead is cast.
An object on which thread or yarn is wound or hooked.
A small tool which pierces material. It has a flat cutting edge.
A comb used to comb fibre before spinning.
A moulded object.
A tool to apply material to the seams of a ship.
A wheel with a series of teeth on its outside which interlock with similar teeth on another cogwheel to receive or give motion.
A tool used in processing the fibres from coconuts.
A tool which combines two or more different types of tool.
A flat edged blade used in leatherworking
A leather working tool.
A tool with a scoop end for digging up roots etc.
A knife handled at both ends used to shave wood.
A farrier's tool for paring a horse's hoof.
A pair of flat faced tools used to smooth iron.
An tool used to separate flax fibres from the wood and bark following retting.
A pair of round edged tools like chisels to make a groove in iron.
A small tool for boring holes with a cross handle and a screw tip.
A type of comb for flax or hemp.
A rod to lift the odd numbered warp threads to enable the weft to be passed through.
A mould in which an ingot is made.
The constituent parts of a kiln.
A pillow or cushion for lace making.
Equipment for turning wood, metal, bone etc.
An engraved object which when struck imparts the image engraved onto the leather.
Weights used on a type of vertical loom to hold the warp threads taut.
A tool used to produce designs in plaster on the outside of buildings.
A small cushion into which pins are pushed for storage.
A tool used to produce a polish on an object.
A tool used in making pottery.
A rotating wheel, horizontal to the ground, on which pottery is made.
A wheel with a groove in it for a rope or cord, used to raise heavy objects.
An object used in smithing to enlarge holes, consists of a tapered square rod.
An instrument to remove the seeds from flax.
A tool used to remove shavings from an object.
A knife used to rub grease into a hide and to force dirt out of it. The knife is symmetrical with a handle at each end.
A rod used to create repousee work on metal vessels. The rod is Z shaped.
The weight attached to a spindle used for handspinning.
A short blade set at an angle in a slot between two handles.
A bit for an auger to scoop out material.
A bit which scoops out material.
A leather strap for sharpening a razor.
A tool used to reduce the diameter of metal rods. Consists of a pair of semicylindrical surfaces.
Piece of work to test eventual pattern, sometimes small and used as a demonstration of crafter's skill.
An auger bit which creates its hole by drilling into the material.
A drill bit used in metal and wood working.
An appliance for holding an object while work is done on it, usually has a pair of jaws.
A flat blade used to beat the weft against the newly woven cloth in weaving.
An object used in tablet weaving to control the shed.
A cigar shaped implement used to release knots and tangles in weaving.
A tool used to twist fibres together to create yarn.
A long shafted weapon with a head that can be edged and/or pointed.
A weapon which causes damage through exploding.
A weapon, usually blunt, used to strike an opponent.
A weapon where an object is propelled away from its launcher by means of force. The launcher can be a weapon, eg a catapult, or a person. This term includes the projectiles themselves.
A broad design of sword used for cutting and slashing.
A long spear with a double barb where one barb is longer than the other.
A piece of armour designed to protect the arm or a part of the arm.
Covering and accessories worn on the body.
Clothing worn on the foot.
An object worn on the head.
Clothes worn so that they are visible, usually but not always worn over other clothes.
Clothes worn against the skin and beneath other clothes.
An item worn as clothing or in addition to clothes.
An object originally created to be worn on the human body or on clothing for ornamentation rather than for protection or as a body covering.
An object originally created to communicate a particular personal belief, achievement, status or membership. It includes articles of adornment or clothing worn primarily for their symbolism.
A ring shaped brooch, commonly Anglo-Saxon and medieval.
A Romano-British brooch type, appearing at the end of the first century AD and developing during the second, characterized by a flat plate to which the pin and catchplate are attached at the back.
This includes all articles created to be used for personal care, hygiene, grooming and cosmetic activities.
An object used with cosmetics.
Objects used for looking after hair.
An item used as part of a manicure.
A brush used to apply soap to the body when shaving.
Items which are part of or added to footwear.
A multi sided object usually used to obtain a unique value in games of chance.
An enclosed chair for carrying a person, usually carried by two people.
Each of a pair of long narrow pieces of wood, usually pointed and turned up at the front, fastened under the feet for travel on snow.
A board or slab, often with a thumb hole in it, used by an artist to hold and mix colours on.
A raised carving.
Instruments used within geometry, geometrical drawing and navigational mapping.
An instrument with curved arms for measuring difficult or awkward shapes.
An instrument used to measure the passing of time.
A scraper with retouch at right angles to the bulb of percussion.
A small semi circular scraper current in the Bronze Age.
Equipment used in the grinding of cereal to produce foodstuffs.
Equipment used primarily to cut, slice, chop etc, using an implement with one or more sharp edges.
Equipment used to bore a hole in a solid object through the use of a twisting, drilling action.
Equipment used to grip an object.
Equipment used to create a mark, image or character in an object.
Equipment used primarily to bring percussive force onto an object.
Equipment used to pierce or puncture other objects through the use of a point.
Equipment used to scrape and smooth objects.
Equipment used to create objects through the use of a pattern or matrix which shapes the object.
Equipment used in the care and upkeep of animals, usually used directly on the animal.
Equipment used to compress or break through compression.
Equipment used to sharpen other objects.
Equipment used in the making of tools.
Includes equipment for the consumption of food.
A handled tool with two or more prongs used for digging, cultivation etc.
Metalwork attaching or attached to a harness.
An instrument where the note is made by air being blown over an edge.
An instrument in which air is made to vibrate by a cane reed, which may be single or double, and may or may not be contained in a reed cap.
An instrument in which air is made to vibrate by the player vibrating their lips and blowing into a mouthpiece.
Part of a musical instrument.
A simple instrument where two pieces of material are manipulated to knock together.
A musical instrument which produces its sound by being scraped.
A flake or blade with retouch along one or more edges.
Soft coverings and associated objects used within buildings.
Soft items used to make a bed ready to be slept upon.
A mat used on the floor as a covering.
Any vehicle/craft used for transportation on water.
Any vehicle for transportation on land.
Equipment used on or with water craft.
An object used in the transmission of the written word or drawn image.
A plasterer's tool for smoothing the surface of plaster.
A container to receive milk during the milking process.
Containers identified by function rather than by form.
Containers used to serve food and drink. Use appropriate term.
A container used to serve food from.
A container used to serve drinks and liquids.
A container from which liquid is drunk.
Containers in which food and or drink is gathered or processed.
Containers used for cooking.
A container used in growing plants, either to contain or for use in their cultivation eg watering cans.
This does not include food or liquid storage.
A container designed to be difficult to get into or out of, thus ensuring the safety of objects inside the container.
Containers used for industrial or scientific purposes.
A container holding materials used in writing.
A container with a religious, ritual or funerary use.
This includes cosmetic containers.
A container used to hold, store, examine or create medicinal substances such as ointments, medicines, drugs, pills, tablets etc.
A container, capable of being carried by hand, often for carrying such items as clothes, keys, money, etc.
A container for the storing of substances.
A container, usually square or rectangular, used in metal processing for separating metals one from another, usually silver from gold.
A flexible holder for a bladed tool or weapon.
A case in which a comb was carried.
Containers identified by the form they take rather than by function.
Parts which make up a vehicle.
Equipment for digging earth, etc.
An object to point at words whilst reading, eg the Alfred jewel.
The seal of a papal document
An item used to join together clothing (includes footwear).
A small piece of metal or other material used to hold objects together.
An object worked on a lathe, usually the bi-product of such work.
A secondary or incidental product of a process.
A screen dividing one part of a church from another.
An object carried about the person for religious purposes.
An object for making an offering to a deity. It includes objects concerned with curses, sacrifices, and prayers and their related objects.
Objects concerned with marriage and weddings.
An object used within a divinational process.
A container used to hold and or pour out liquid in honour of a deity.
An amulet containing a charm in the shape of a scarab.
An ancient Egyptian gem cut in the shape of a scarab beetle and engraved with symbols on its flat side.
A ring containing a scarab shape.
A stone basin for containing holy water often set in inside walls of a church, especially near the entrance.
An Egyptian container for holding the entrails of a mummy.
A screen of wood or stone, used to divide the nave from the choir.
Any object which bears an inscription.
A rail used to suspend objects from.
A container used in the distilling process to catch the distilled liquid.
A flake of stone struck from the core where the length is less than twice the width.
An object showing signs of being worked. Use more specific term where known.
An object used in the sublimation process. It is pear shaped with both ends open.
A stone blade with one edge blunted.
A small stone blade with one edge blunted.
A bone or antler point with rows of barbs, usually on one side only.
A type of helmet with a hinged visor.
A gaming implement usually used in conjunction with a ball.
A long seat usually without a back.
A rough table usually for working upon.
A cage for containing birds.
A material resulting from the smelting of iron ore.
A belt used to confine a hawk's wings.
A collective name for the pans and fire bars used in the making of salt through evaporation.
A war trumpet, usually Iron Age.
Ash and partially fused residues from a coal fired furnace or fire.
An item used to fasten a cloak either to another garment or to itself.
A device with a spirally twisted shaft, pointed end and handle for removing corks from bottles.
A machine for freeing the cotton from the plant.
A staff with a bent head used by a shepherd. For a crook used by a bishop use crozier.
An iron bar used as a lever.
A small shallow cup used in assaying gold or silver.
A container in which dice are shaken and from which dice are thrown.
A form of dagger.
A container used with an alembic as part of the distilling process.
An object used to catch fish. The line is tied in the middle of the fish gorge which then lodges in the throat after the fish has swallowed it.
An axehead of flint or other stone commonly used for Neolithic types.
A bronze axehead of earlier Bronze Age date the sides of which are raised, either by casting or hammering, to form flanges on both faces which aid hafting. Some types also feature a raised bar or stop between the flanges.
An axehead of early Bronze Age date, made of copper or bronze, which is flat on both sides and generally lacks side flanges or other hafting aids.
An instrument for letting blood.
Any form of fastener used to fasten a girdle together.
Weight used for weighing specific quantities and qualities of gold.
A metal grid, usually iron, used to support pots over a fire.
A small, handled axe.
A very small spoon used to provide liquid to mix with ink on an ink stone.
A stand or tray for ink bottles and or pens
A kind of stone used in making ink.
A cage specifically designed to hold insects.
A kind of scourge.
A fishing spear with two heads to grip fish between.
A shackle for the hand.
A by-product of the production of microliths.
A vessel to contain the wafers used in the Eucharist.
A clasp on a cope.
A flat based stone used in conjunction with a grinding stone
An astronomical instrument for telling the time at night. The date is set on the nocturnal then its pointers lined up with the Pole Star and the two primary stars in the Great Bear, thus allowing an approximate time to be read off.
An example from which another object is made.
The blade or sharp-pointed head attached to the end of a spear's shaft.
An axehead of flint or other stone, commonly used for Neolithic types.
A stone tool, often only polished on the edge.
A type of spur which ends in a point, blunt or sharp, which is used to aid control of an animal eg a horse.
A type of spike, often on candlesticks.
An initially worked quern that is still to be finished.
A tool for smoothing objects.
One or more ropes or straps attached to an animal's head to provide guidance and control.
A by-product usually from the smelting process.
A collar, usually metal, used to signify slavery and to inhibit freedom, usually with a chain attached.
A gun using an explosive propellant to fire sharpened metal shafts, usually fired through water.
A tool, possibly for cleaning mud from parts of a plough.
A closed chamber used for heating or baking objects.
The fittings or parts on a strap.
A small round shield.
An instrument of torture used to compress one or both thumbs.
An African cloth garment.
A chisel ended flaked axehead common in the Mesolithic.
A shallow dish or plate used to serve main meals off or to serve sweetmeats, these usually being painted with devices and riddles.
A clay cone, part of a furnace.
A medical container for collecting urine for study.
An object which has been rejected eg due to being misshapen, spoilt etc.
Items which are used in clothing but which are not necessarily a separate item of clothing.
A general tool used to beat objects with.
A vessel for collecting tears.
A container used in the preparartion of food.
A two pronged spear for catching eels.
An object used to provide heat for various purposes eg to cook or to heat a room etc.
An object used in the lighting of an area.
Tools used to maintain a fire.
An intially worked object, prepared to be made into a final product.
An object belonging to, used by, or related exclusively to one person and normally carried or kept privately by that person.
A nail of distinctive form, specifically used in the shoeing of animals, eg horses, donkeys, oxen.
A crosspiece fastened over the necks of two or more animals, often oxen, and attached to the plough or cart to be drawn.
A frame shaped to fit around the neck and shoulders of a person for carrying buckets. Usually made of wood.
An item that cannot be identified. Use more specific term, if possible.
A decorative piece connected to the altar.
A square, wooden drinking vessel.
Glass which has been coloured and decorated by painting.
Curved, interlocking roof tile of S-shaped section usually made of clay or concrete.
An object which has words inscribed, engraved carved or written upon it.
A bead used to create a space or interval within a necklace.
A mounting or fitting attached to a chariot.
A small shovel for adding or placing coals onto a fire.
A pair of tongs used for placing coals onto a fire.
A weight made to be hung from a steelyard.
A small container for holding oil, vinegar, salt etc for use at the table.
An object used in the Eucharist.
A stone used to cover a grave.
A piece of bone used for divination.
A die used in divination.
An item with both secular and religious signifigance.
A tablet, often made of lead, on which curses are written. Sometimes the tablet is transfixed with a nail.
A type of spur with the goad in the form of a rotating disc.
A form of bronze axehead of middle or late Bronze Age date in which narrow, high flanges on both faces are hammered over to enclose the axe haft. Some types feature a side loop to further assist hafting.
A discoidal flint tool often has a ground edge.
A rod, often of antler, with a hole through it and decorated.
Characteristic waste flakes struck off in the production of axes.
A specialised fitting for Roman armour. For a part of a garment use APRON.
A machine for creating bails of straw.
A piece of iron cut from blooms and lengths of bar, probably for transportation, which were then reworked.
A wheeled open box for carrying loads.
An object constructed to allow birds to bathe in it.
An object designed to hold food for birds.
An object used in the preparation of a body following death. It was used to plug the orifices of the body.
Flint which has been burnt. It is not necessarily worked.
A three dimensional representation usually done in wood, ivory or stone.
Waste products ensuing from the casting process.
The piece of stone or flint remaining after flakes have been produced. This is a by-product of tool manufacture.
A flint blade with negative impressions of removals on one side of the dorsal surface, creating a crest. These constitute part of a previously worked striking platfom or result from preparing the flaked surface on a core before detaching flakes or blades.
A guard or cover put in front of a fire to prevent embers or flames setting fire to a building.
A metal or ceramic cover for an open fire or hearth.
A tool for creating holes in the ground in which to plant seeds or plants.
An object of Bronze Age date, usually of gold, with an unknown function.
A piece of metal in front of a fire to stop embers rolling onto the carpet.
Knapped or ground stone/flint tool where the specific type is unknown. Use more specific type where known.
Part of the glass making process, the frit is broken up into a crucible and heated to create glass.
A fan designed to fan the coals of a fire to increase the oxygen around the coals and thus to help the fire burn.
A small rake used to move the embers of a fire.
The debris resulting from the production of glass.
A slender, cylindrical object. Use specific types of rod where possible. Where it is a rod of material which is part of a production process, eg a glass rod, use rod and enter the material in an object material field.
A container to hold and/or apply grease.
A small spherical bell for fastening onto the leg of a hawk.
Ornamentation fixed to a horse's harness.
A by-product created during the manufacture of a tool.
A by-product created through a manufacturing process. This does not include the production of tools, for this use tool by product.
A nodule of iron pyrites used to create fire in combination with tinder and flint or another nodule of iron pyrites.
The vertical side of a window, archway, doorway or fireplace.
Waste material from a kiln
A set of two or more pins joined together by a chain.
A fitting incorporating a series of overlapping flaps providing ventilation or transmission of sound.
A early match made of a piece of wood and an inflammable substance, lit by friction between the inflammable substance and a rough surface.
The remains of a manufacturing process.
An inscribed tablet.
An ornamental tablet of brass. Use a materials thesaurus where brass is a material.
The debris resulting from metal working processes.
A deliberate miniaturised replica of an object.
A blank for a knife that has not been hammered out.
A tool for cleaning a person's nails.
An object that has been cut off.
A bowl in which an offering is made.
A dish in which an offering is made.
A jar that contains an offering.
A plate on which an offering is made.
A tray on which an offering is made.
An object which has one or more holes through it. Use more specific term where known.
A support for an arch, lintel, beam etc.
A detached vertical structure acting as support to a superstructure. Where a pillar is a separate monument, use a monument type thesaurus.
A freestanding pole, stake etc often used to support a superstructure.
The tool used to create a mark on pottery by the potter.
The original pattern/type of an object.
A tool with one or more serrated edges.
A weight used to sink a fishing line or a net in water.
A slate tablet, often framed in wood, for writing purposes. Use a materials thesaurus to record the material type slate.
A small pierced disc which glitters, used as ornamentation on clothing
A piece of metal or timber holding two elements together.
A container for the storage of tobacco.
A stone used to test how genuine an object is by rubbing the object against the stone, particularly used for testing gold and silver.
A container with three legs.
A vessel consisting of three small pots joined, often on a hollow ring, at the base.
A wedge shaped stone used in an arch.
A container, usually ceramic, used to water plants.
A metal thread.
Use specific type where known.
A container with a human face appliqued onto it, often used as a funerary vessel.
A metal ring which joins the jess to the leash. The owner's name is often on the vervel.
A prepared core from which a single flake or blade has been produced. The technique was primarily used in the Palaeolithic and Neolithic.
A flake produced from a carefully prepared core.
A container for dried foodstuffs.
A container filled with musket balls, metal fragments, nails etc. Designed to kill or maim the enemy at a close range.
A rod used to measure the imperial measurements of a pole or a perch.
A projection which can be used to lift or suspend an object, often used as a handle.
A piece of armour used to protect the armpit.
Equipment used in the preparation and maintenance of ground, and in the planting and maintenance of crops.
An object used in the harvesting or mowing of crops etc.
Objects used to thresh and winnow crops.
A pipe used for smoking where the smoke passes through water.
A long staff, occasionally bound with metal, used as a weapon.
A long graduated staff used in surveying to help measure distance or height.
An item used in caring for the body for appearance and cleanliness.
An object used in washing or cleaning the body.
Object used in shaving.
An object used in lighting a fire, lamp, oven, candle etc.
A shoe fixed to an animal, either permanently or temporarily, to protect the hoof and provide improved grip.
A specimen of material to represent the whole from which the sample was taken.
A narrow strip of fine material, used for trimming or tying.
A cloth or leather tunic, usually worn underneath metal armour, although sometimes worn by itself.
A shallow channel to collect rain water, attached to the eaves of a building.
A sample consisting of minerals, stones etc.
Equipment used in the production of textiles.
A symbol with secular signifigance, particularly implying authority.
An object that commemorates an animal, person, location or event.
Penannular objects of late Bronze Age, usually gold and too small to be worn on arms.
A shackle for the feet.
A lever lock key.
A container for the storage and/or transport of food and/or liquid.
A portable beehive, often made of straw.
An object related to deaths, burials or funerals.
Use for structural objects within or connected to a place of worship, eg font. For structures, use a monuments thesaurus.
A bayonet designed to plug into the muzzle of a musket or rifle.
A bayonet designed to fit over the muzzle of a musket or rifle, allowing the gun still to be fired.
A long hollow tube used to blow molten glass into shapes.
An object which is propelled by force away from a launcher, which can include from a human.
Armour designed to protect the leg or parts of the leg. For specific foot protection use FOOT GUARD
A form of armour made up of overlapping squares of protective material.
Armour made up segmentally, usually of bands of material.
A gun designed to be held in one hand. It has a short barrel length compared to long guns.
A hand held long barrelled gun.
A pistol fired by use of a flintlock.A gunflint is held in the lock which on pulling the trigger pushes back the pan cover creating sparks which set off the powder in the pan causing a flame to go through and set off the charge in the barrel.
A musket fired by a piece of burning match being held in the lock which, when the trigger was pulled, would contact with powder in the pan to set off the charge.
A musket where a wheel on the lock is wound back and when the trigger is pulled the wheel moves dragging pieces of iron pyrites over the lock tocreate sparks and set powder in the pan off and so firing the main charge.
A musket with a snaphance lock. This lock consisted of a flint and steel but the pan cover was separate to the steel unlike the flintlock.
A tool used to pound, crush or beat an object.
A weight attached to a fishing line in order to help it sink towards the bottom.
A bell worn by an animal, eg sheep, goats, cows and hawks, to inform the owner of the animal's position.
A band of material, often leather, or a chain or similar worn around the neck of an animal for identification and or restraint. Where this is part of harness use the specific harness term.
Pieces of leather connected to a bridle designed to direct a horse's vision straight forward only.
Lenses worn in a frame designed to improve or protect the vision of the wearer.
The hood used to completely cover a hawk's head.
A head cover which can be attached to a piece of outerwear, eg a coat, or can be separate.
The front piece of horse armour.
A shaft sunk into the ground to reach the water level.
A tube for the transport of liquids and gases eg for drainage purposes.
The top stone of an arch which holds it all in place.
An object used in combat to attack or cause damage to an opponent.
A projection on the under side of a hinged choir stall seat providing support during long periods of standing.
A type of sword often used by infantry.
A curved sword designed to cut with used by cavalry.
An object with a ceremonial or symbolic function. Multiple index with specific object where possible, eg for a ceremonial battleaxe index as ceremonial object and battleaxe.
A decorative container for serving cream.
A container used to measure liquids.
A small container for an aromatic substance, eg perfume.
A hollow ball for containing aromatic substances eg perfume.
An accessory vessel to a cremation.
A round bottomed container to be held in the palm of the hand.
A close fitting cap covering the sides, back and top of the head.
A close fitting skull cap, usually worn under a helmet.
An appendage worn on the front of breeches.
A triangle of cloth worn by ladies to cover the shoulders, neck and throat.
A close fitting garment, usually stiffened by boning or similar and tightly laced to shape and support the wearer's figure.
An object for cleaning a pipe used for smoking.
An instrument used to compress a substance into a smoking pipe.
A brush used to disentangle hair.
A small brush used fro cleaning teeth.
A long narrow spoon used to remove cosmetics or medicines from narrow necked containers.
A sample taken from waterlogged conditions.
Use for the remains of any part of a plant.
Use for large remains such as fruit, seeds, plant parts, buds etc.
The remains of the fine powdery substance produced by male elements of flowering plants, uniquely identifiable to the species it came from.
Use for microscropic remains.
Microscopic animal remains. Use more specific term if known.
Use for the remains of any part of a mammal, except for humans.
Use for the remains of any part of a reptile.
Use for the remains of any part of an amphibian.
A pan for cooking fish.
A device for rotating a spit.
A piece of furniture intended to hold drinks, side dishes etc.
A low stool for resting feet upon.
A box containing tinder, any dry inflammable material, usually also contains flint and steel for lighting fires.
A residue, primarily lead oxide, formed during refining silver
Characteristic waste flakes struck off in the manufacture of adzes.
An unfinished, roughly shaped axehead.
A balance for weighing coins.
A navigational device.
An indicator of the extent of an area of land.
A measure for dry substances. A quarter of a bushel.
A measure for liquid holding two pints which is a quarter of a gallon.
A measure for liquid, usually for a quarter of a pint.
Musical instruments by how the sound is produced by the instrument.
A musical instrument producing sound by air vibrating.
A musical instrument producing sound by the use of strings.
A musical instrument producing sound from a membrane.
A musical instrument producing sound from its own body.
A device fitted and locked onto the head of a woman as a form of punishment, featuring a metal plate that fits into the mouth to impede speech..
A part of a coffin that is removable eg handle, mount etc.
A stone inscribed or marked with ogham letters used for a memorial
Polished stone balls interpreted as ritual objects in the Scottish Iron Age.
A playing piece for the medieval game of table.
A playing piece for draughts
A circular toy which spins on a point.
A metal or pneumatic rubber rim to a wheel.
A craft of uncertain function over 30 metres long.
A means of transportation.
A long handled hook used for pulling a boat to a place eg another boat, or pushing off from a place.
A device with hooks or claws attached to a rope and used for dragging or grasping.
The cutting or chopping part of an axe; bifacially worked, longitudinal section symmetrical, cutting edge parallel to the direction of the hafted tool as swung.
A small tool with a shovel blade and a pick blade set at right angles to the handle.
A drill where the bit is twisted by means of a bow with the string wound around the shaft of the drill.
A key for a padlock.
A long handled heavy hammer used by two hands.
A small bobbin used in lace making.
A bobbin where thread is wound around it, used for example in spinning and weaving
An object which when hot is used to smooth fabric.
Any form of fastener used to fasten clothing together.
A flat nail of the same thickness that tapers in width to a point.
A length of cord usually made from twisting fibres together which increases the strength of the rope.
An musical instrument where the strings are played by plucking or bowing. Use more specific term where known.
A gaming piece for the Viking game of Hnefatafl.
A coin which has been struck in relief on one side, usually the obverse side face down on the anvil die, and incuse on the other side, due to a previously struck coin sticking to the upper or punch die.
A primitive musical instrument.
An earth based plaster the mixture of which may contain clay, dung, straw, lime putty, sand or horsehair.
Several strands of string twisted together to form a strong thin rope, or thick string, though it has been used in the past as synonomous with rope particularly for ropes on ships.
A bracelet or necklace formed by hammering gold onto a triangular-sectioned bar and twisting the metal to form a spiral pattern.
A grooved ring holding a gem or semi-precious stone.
A small notebook formed from two tablets usually made of wood, bone, ivory or metal. They were given as commemorative gift by a consul on his installation and often decorated with the image of the consul.
A flat, circular object often made from metal, wood, bone or ivory and of unidentified purpose.
A hinge composed of two parts: a u-shaped hinge attached to a door which slotted over an L-shaped staple in the door jamb.
A flat stone, often sandstone, used for paving.
A chain used to inhibit a prisoner's freedom.
A piece of armour worn to protect the throat.
A small, metal, crescent-shaped object, often highly decorated, worn across the upper part of the chest by military personnel as a badge of rank and as a symbolic representation of the former piece of armour (see GORGET (ARMOUR).
A net worn over the hair to hold it in place.
The part of an object by which it is held when in use, being moved or carried.
The part of the bridle that fits around the horses head.
A device for holding a lamp in a fixed position. These could take many forms from a simple bracket fixed to a wall to an onrate candelabra.
A tall, thin pillar of wood, stone or metal on which a lamp could be fixed.
A boat fashioned out of a section of tree trunk.
A large, powerful, hand-drawn bow, usually 6 ft (1.8m) in length and traditionally made of wood.
A strap from the reins to the girth of a horse, preventing it from raising its head too high.
A long, thin cane of glass made by layering glass of various colours in a mould and pulling the soft glass until the cane was of the desired thickness. When cut and viewed in section the cane has a mosaic like appearance.
A object fitted to an item or garment for the purpose of display or decoration.
A piece of openwork fabric made from twine or cord, either natural fibre or artificial, forming a mesh used for catching birds, animals or fish or for holding other inanimate objects.
A shrine often including representations of a god or gods or other holy relics which could be carried by worshippers whilst travelling.
A maritime fitting for spacing rigging elements and preventing entanglement.
A small container used for dispensing table salt for seasoning purposes.
A metal, shankless bit, with a ring on either side used to control an animal (usually a horse) by exerting direct pressure on the tongue, lips and the side of the mouth.
A tubular orifice to assist in pouring.
A decorative fitting of mid to late 11th century date, exclusively of copper alloy, and mostly zoomorphic. Arranged in pairs, on each stirrup either side of the footplate.
A decorative fitting of mid to late 11th century date, mainly of copper alloy, often traingular or trapezoidal in shape. Mounted at the junction of the stirrup and stirrup strap.
A decorative tile incorporated into the front of a tile stove.
A metal, often decorative, hinge constructed with a single large strap attached to the surface of the moving part wiht a loop in the end which fits over a pintle attached to the adjacent stationary frame.
A weight used to hold down thatch.
A coin struck, cast or stamped imitating an official coinage issue of contemporary or slightly later time period. The piece may consist of a similar alloy or a base core with plating of varying thickness.
A modern piece imitating an ancient coin, such as a replica sold in a museum.
A modern piece imitating an ancient coin in an attempt to deceive, usually for financial gain.
A piece of animal bone roughly shaped with grooves in which pins are laid and held whilst being sharpened.
A fitting specifically functioning as the strengthener and support for the end of a strap of leather or fabric.
A tool with an edged head and a wooden shaft, used for a variety of purposes.
A weapon featuring a single or double edged head attached to a wooden shaft.
One of a number of tiles cemented together to form pillars supporting the floor above a hypocaust.
One of the component tiles used in the construction of a tile hearth, being the floor of, or area in front of, a fireplace.
A three-cornered arrowhead.
An arrowhead with its base hollowed to allow it to fit onto the shaft of an arrow rather than having a tang that fits into the shaft.
Animal remains bearing evidence, such as knife marks on bones, that they were slaughtered and used for food.
Debris resulting from the manufacture of tools and other artifacts from bone.
Rendering material containing lime and sand spread on walls as a pliable mixture before drying to a hard surface.
A construction material made by the firing or baking of clay.
A hard, unglazed earthenware, characteristically reddish-brown in colour, used in decoration and construction.
Remains of any of the groups of animals characterized by having a bony or cartilaginous spinal column (backbone) and a well developed brain.
Remains of one of the groups of animals characterized as lacking any form of backbone or spinal column.
Remains of Bryozoa, which are small animals, usually marine, that form colonies producing coral-like skeletons or jelly-like masses.
Remains of animals characterized as having bodies made up of annular segments, such as worms and leeches. Earthworm eggs and granule comonly occur. Bristle worms are found associated with marine molluscs.
Remains of the animal group characterized by having jointed limbs and segmented bodies, including woodlice, spiders, insects etc. Note, crustaceans have been included in this category.
Remains of the animal group Crustacea: hard-shelled arthropods which are largely aquatic. Use for the remains of shrimps, prawns, crabs and lobsters, and also woodlice.
Remains of arthropods characterized as having a body divided into two segements and four pairs of legs, such as spiders, scorpions, ticks and mites.
Remains of the group of animals characterized as being radially symmetrical in form, such as sea urchins, sea cucumbers and starfish.
A disc-shaped plate brooch.
An enamelled plate brooch, dating from the second and third centuries AD, depicting an animal often with religious significance, such as hares, birds, fish and horses, sometimes with rider.
Imported Roman brooch with a wide, highly arched flat backed bow, one end rolled forward onto the head to form a hinge for the the pin. Named for the head inscription assumed to be a maker's name. Dated to first half of 1st entury AD.
A Roman brooch dating from approximately 50 to 150 AD. Derived from the earlier Aesica Brooch, and fitted with a hinged pin, the body widens to a triangular plate below the bow.
Anglo-Saxon two-piece bow brooch, dating from the 8th to 9th centuries AD, so named for the distinctive bow shaped like the arching body of a caterpillar.
A first century AD one-piece bow brooch, one end of which is drawn out to form a spring and pin, characterized by its long, narrow, tapering bow, a small crossbar in front of the spring and a forward hook which holds the spring chord.
Roman bow brooch, dating from the third to fifth centuries AD, with a P-shaped profile and a characteristic crossbar, often adorned with knobs at its end and on the head. Shown in contemporary illustrations as being worn by high ranking males.
An Anglo-Saxon brooch type dating from the 5th to 7th centuries AD and influenced by the Crossbow brooch, featuring a sprung pin and a head plate.
An Anglo-Saxon cruciform Long Brooch, often ornamented with knobs across and terminating its crossbar and head, and frequently with its foot shaped into a zoomorphic motif.
Roman, mid-1st century AD two-piece Bow Brooch, derived from the Colchester Brooch, with a winged, transverse head protecting a spring mechanism held by a rear facing hook over the chord, its profile evoking a leaping dolphin.
Roman mid-first to third century AD S or reverse-S shaped brooch. Often enamelled, with its central section expanded for decoration, the brooch depicted stylised creatures derived from Celtic art. The pin was looped over the neck of the brooch.
A two-piece Bow Brooch, derived from the Colchester Brooch, dating from the later first and second centuries AD and so called due to the decorative stud on the upper bow.
Roman, mid to late 1st century, hinged Bow Brooch, related to the Aucissa Brooch, with side knobs on the upper bow, the curvature of which is confined to the brooch's top half, the lower half being straight. Frequently tinned to give a silver appearance.
A Roman Bow Brooch dating from the mid-second to mid-third centuries AD, characterized by the pronounced curvature of the bow, resembling a knee. Usually used by military personnel.
A two-piece Bow Brooch dating from the early to mid-first century AD in Britain, originating in Gaul. Featuring a wide flat reeded bow, this and the Thistle Brroch were the first to conceal the spring mechanism with a cylindrical or semi-cylindrical hood.
A simple, one-piece Bow Brooch with a spring of four coils, sometimes less, its chord tucked beneath its head and variations to bow and catchplate. Dating from the first century AD.
An Anglo-Saxon disc brooch featuring an upturned rim. Usually decorated with zoomorphic or geometric designs either chip-carved directly on the face or applied to a thin bronze plate affixed to the brooch's floor.
A highly decorated Anglo-Saxon Long Brooch, often made of silver or bronze, worn by women. Contemporary with the Cruciform Brooch, it features a large, square head plate and usually three rounded foot-terminals.
Early to mid-1st century AD Bow Brooch with a P-shaped profile, a cylindrical or semi-cylindrical spring cover and a round or lozenge-shaped centre plate with a short bow above and a flat leg below, both of which are reeded like the Langton Down Brooch.
A Roman Bow Brooch, dating from the later 1st and 2nd centuries often worn in pairs with a linking chain. Characterized by its distinctive head, sometimes enamelled, and resembling the mouth of a trumpet.
One of a pack, or deck, of cards used to play games, each distinguished from the others by markings on its face.
Bow Brooch derived from the Colchester type in the mid to late 1st and 2nd centuries AD. Typically the spring is held in a semi-cylindrical crossbar with closed ends and holding the axial bar and a hook or lug on the head to hold the chord.
1st or 2nd century Bow Brooch derived from the Colchester. It typically has a pin hinged on a bar held in a cylindrical crossbar, the bow tapering and commonly decorated. Developed examples often have a headloop and enamelled panels.
Derived from the Colchester in the mid to late 1st century, particularly in south and east Britain. Characterized by the attachment of the separate spring and pin through two holes in a lug behind the head, which projects to form a crest atop the bow.
A mid-1st century AD brooch influenced by the Thistle type, commonly with projections on the upper bow and widening to a triangular plate, often described as a fantail, below.
A small, often of about two inches or less in length, version of the Long Brooch usually made of less expensive materials than other brooch types and frequently worn in pairs.
A tool with an edged head and a wooden shaft, used for a variety of purposes. Where the function is known use the more specific terms of AXE (TOOL) or AXE (WEAPON).
A container packed with explosives, with a detonator triggered by contact or a timer, for the purpose of destroying enemy craft, personnel etc.
A mine designed specifically to be dropped from an aircraft, often into the sea.
A machine consisting of a number of moving parts designed to produce a specific physical effect, such as the powering of a craft or other device.
The engine housed within the fuselage of an aircraft that powers its flight.
A pair of cannon balls joined by a solid bar.
A pair of cannon balls joined by a chain.
Cube-shaped shot.
A type of chain shot characterized by a number of chains attached to the main shot, causing maximum damage. Sometimes known as a Spider shot.
A number of small iron balls, each about the size of a cricket ball, often numbering nine, wired together and bound in a canvas bag.
A solid, spherical projectile, originally made of stone but later iron.
A fitting of unknown function. Use more specific type where known.
Pieces of undressed stone, waste fragments of stone or fragments of slate.
Waste resulting from the processes associated with the making of shoes.
waste resulting from the working of wood or associated with a carpenter's workshop.
A drinking vessel, made of glass, designed expressly to be used for the consumption of wine.
An unhewn piece of felled tree, or similar rough mass of wood.
The remains of a shell of a mussel.
Use for ticks and true mites. Related to spiders, mites are widely present in archaeological deposits but are rarely studies in detail as they can prove difficult to identify.
Group of fresh water crustaceans which include the water fleas (Daphnia ssp.) the egg cases (ephippia) of which are found in archaeological deposits.
Small crustaceans ranging in size from 0.2mm to 30mm and possessing a bivalve carapace or 'shell'.
Molluscs found in salt or brackish water. Use more specific term where known.
Molluscs found in dry to damp habitats rather than fully aquatic or marine habitats. Use more specific term where known.
Use for Insectivores (hedgehogs, shrews, moles), Chiroptera (bats) and rodents (squirrels, rats, voles, mice, dormice).
Microscopic living things, usually unicellular, occasionally multi-cellular. They lack cell nuclei.
Algae usually found as a silica skeleton. They obtain their food by photosynthesis and are used in ecological reconstruction.
Simple organisms, mostly single celled, that move by means of two flagella (complex cellular projections). Most live as marine plankton, but some occur in fresh water. Members of the Kingdom Protista.
Single celled marine organisms. Some form calcareous tests (shells). They are used archaeologically to study the nature of marine environments or establish the presence of marine conditions or products (e.g. imported seaweed).
Kingdom of living things, lacking chlorophyll, that obtain their food from organic matter, usually by absorption. They include mushrooms, moulds and yeasts.
Material of unknown origin observed adhering to, or found within, an object of another material.
Traces of food observed adhering to, or found within, an object or another material.
Material derived from living things. Use more specific term where known.
A simple type of plant. For most of their lifecycle they exist as haploids (i.e. only one set of genes as opposed to two). Most have clearly differentiated stems and leaves.
Amoebae which are partially enclosed in external shells, or tests. Found in wet soils, freshwater, decaying organic matter and on vegetation such as mosses. Used to examine environmental factors such as water acidity and moisture content.
Use for any soil or sediment. Sediments consist of mineral and/or organic material deposited by any process involving natural or human agencies. Soils are discrete bodies of altered mineral material (either sediment or in situ rock remains).
A wind-blown deposit.
Wind-blown sand.
Wind-blown silt.
Deposits laid down as the result of river action.
Deposits formed as the result of the action of ice masses during glacial periods.
Unsorted sediment (i.e. containing everything from clay to boulders) laid down directly by a glacier.
Deposits formed by the mass downward movement of surface deposits over underlying frozen ground under periglacial conditions.
Deposits that accumulate at the bottom of a slope, at a break in a slope, or where a barrier is encountered.
A soil, which may be buried or exposed, that has developed in a past landscape.
Material consisting of at least 90% organic matter by dry weight. Formed from plant material under damp, wet or acid conditions where the rate of accumulation is greater than the rate of decay.
A rock-like deposit consisting largely of calcium carbonate, formed by the precipitation of calcium carbonate out of calcium-rich water bodies such as springs.
A residue left as the result of the burning of material.
Volcanic ash.
Use for deposits formed in estuaries.
Use for deposits formed in lakes or ponds.
Fine-grained, non-humified, organic mud formed under water. Principally composed of plant material, typically of faecal origin.
Use for deposits formed by the action of the sea or under marine conditions.
Use for deposits formed in caves.
Use for deposits formed as a result of the modification of soils by humans for agricultural purposes.
Use for deposits formed as a result of construction activities undertaken by humans or animals.
Use for deposits representing material discarded or remaining as a result of a process or processes.
Deposits formed under conditions present adjacent to ice masses during glacial periods.
One of several stones used to raise a farm building, such as a granary, above the ground surface.
The fruit or seed of a cereal plant such as wheat, corn etc.
The fertilized ovules of a plant, often occurring in an archaeological context, in the form of small roundish bodies or grains. Seeds are dispersed naturally or collected for sowing to produce a new generation of plants.
A paddle blade, typically of wood, from a horizontal or vertical mill wheel.
A sailmaker's thimble used in the sewing of canvas, consisting of a flat thimble in a canvas or leather strip with a thumb hole. The whole is worn across the palm of the hand, which gives it its name.
An astonomical instrument, and navigational aid, in the form of one eighth of a circle and used to measure the angular altitude of heavenly bodies. Invented in 1731 and used into the 19th Century, it was superceded by the sextant.
A hollow case containg explosive, incendiary, smoke-producing, poisonous or other offensive material, designed to be deposited, dropped, thrown or shot froma mortar.
A cylindrical bomb, designed by Barnes Wallis in 1941, containing hydrostatic pistols measuring water pressure for detonation at a depth of 30 feet. Dropped whilst fast revolving at a height of 60 feet at 240-250 mph to maximise the bouncing effect.
An ornamental (carved and/or painted) frieze carved into, or attached to, the planking either side of a vessel's bow carrying the vessel's name and often illustrating some aspect of the name, port/country of origin etc.
A hinged plate of brass, iron or wood inboard of a ship's scuttle or porthole which can be lowered and secured with a butterfly nut to prevent damage to glass in heavy weather or mask internal light from enemy vessels.
A water-tight cover that closes and opening in a vessel's deck used for the ingress and egress of persons and cargo.
A hole or opening in a ship's hull to allow light and air to enter the vessel, or to aim a weapon through.
A flexible pipe, usually fixed to a pump or tap, for the conveying of water.
A covering of thin copper plates secured, on top of a layer of tar and horsehair, to the bottom of wooden ships to protect the hull against weeds, barnacles and especially Teredo navalis, a wood-boring worm prevalent in tropical seas.
A piece of metal or wood, or other material used in the manufacture of an item, intended for further fabrication and therefore representing an unfinished object. Usually relates to objects manufactured in quantity such as coins, knives etc.
A flat, circular plate, usually made of iron, on which food items are baked.
A concave glass dish used to hold material for observation or experimentation; so named for its resemblance to the disc covering the face of a watch.
An object marked or shaped by the pressure of another object upon its surface, whether by deliberate process or unintentionally.
A device, often consisting of a cyclinder containing a piston or plunger, used to raise or move liquids or gasses by means of compression, lifting or suction.
A tube, cyclinder or similar casing enclosing the mechanism of a pump.
A tool, featuring a straight, horizontal handle from which extends a metal hook halfway along its length, used by a shearman (one who shears sheep) in the handling of wool.
The metal ornamental bedding and surround in which a gem or stone is mounted.
A piece of material that has been inlaid, or prepared and shaped for inlaying, in an object, decorative feature or other setting.
A carved or moulded decorative projection adorning an object or, in the case of architectural features, the termination of a moulding or the intersection of ribs or beams.
A straight rod, made of glass, plastic or other materials, used to agitate or mix chemicals, pigments, beverages or other fluids or substances.
A large vessel, sometimes large enough to accomodate several gallons, often made of leather and richly decorated, for storing and serving liquor.
An axe with a cutting edge and a hammer head.
A handheld lamp used to send morse code messages ship-to-ship or ship-to-shore.The lamp and its reflector can be covered/uncovered by a trigger operated shutter.
Any object, often made of ceramic or 'porcelain' used for the purposes of personal cleansing, especially fittings such as toilets, baths and basins. May survive as fragments in the archaeological record. Use more specific term where known.
Loose fibres obtained by unpicking old ropes. Mainly used to caulk seams in wooden vessels.
A conical container, usually made of earthenware, into which boiling sugar was poured and allowed to crystallize.
Large granite stone used as the base stone of a stamping mill against which ore was crushed. Contains distinctive striations from the crushing process.
A stone with a rectangular depression into which molten metal, usually tin, was poured to create ingots.
A short squat gun or cannon used to test the strength of coarser blasting powders. Mainly 18th-19th centuries.
A large trough or vessel commonly created from a hollowed out tree trunk for the storage of brine prior to processing for salt.
A clip for marking or holding down pages in a book.
A specific type of hook used in textile production, also known as a sheer board hook. Harbicks were used in pairs to secure a cloth to a cropping board so that the nap (of the cloth) could be sheared.
Roughly spherical, > 5 µm, soot particles produced from the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels. Used as an indicator of industrialisation, and can also be used as a dating tool.
Fine sand, clay, or other material carried by running water and deposited as a sediment, especially in a channel.
Grains of rock fragment larger than coarse sand and finer than pebbles (diameter 2-4mm).
An object which has been carved. Use more specific term where known.
A jug with a sinuous profile where the rim, girth and base are of roughly equal diameter, and the neck and lower body are narrower.(Source: MPRG)
A jug with little or no discernible neck and an even, convex profile form rim to base, which are roughly equal in diameter. (Source: MPRG)
A jug with a body profile resembling two cones joined together at their widest points, producing a distinct carination. (Source: MPRG)
A jug with more or less straight sides that flare out from a narrow rim or neck to a wider base. (Source: MPRG)
A jug with straight vertical sides and roughly equal rim and base diameters. (Source: MPRG)
A jug with a rounded profile and a rounded base, i.e. with no discernible basal angle. (Source: MPRG)
A jug with a maximum diameter in the lower half of the vessel and with no discernible shoulder. (Source: MPRG)
A jug with an evenly rounded profile and a discernible basal angle; the maximum diameter is near the mid point and in the upper half of the vessel. (Source: MPRG)
A specific form of rounded jug with a wide mouth, a large parrot-beak spout and three handles in the form of wide straps that spring from the rim to the girth.The spout may have a lug applied to the outside. (Source: MPRG)
A jug with a roughly cylindrical or slightly flaring lower body, a pronounced inward-sloping shoulder and a marked neck/body angle. (Source: MPRG)
A jug with a constriction between the upper and lower body sections. (Source: MPRG)
Any type of jug with decoration representing the form of a human face or figure. The shape of the vessel often forms the outline of the human face or figure. (Source: MPRG)
A type of jug decorated with applied figures in the form of knights in armour. (Source: MPRG)
A jug that incorporates a practical joke or conundrum into its construction. A combination of cut-outs in the body and hollow handles and tubes render conventional use impossible. The puzzle being to work out how to empty it. (Source: MPRG)
A jug form characterized by the addition of three applied feet. The feet are usually short and stubby. Double index with the appropriate profile type. (Source: MPRG)
A jug form which usually has a short, narrow neck and rim and an applied spout. The spout is usually tubular and free standing, or attached to the rim/neck, rising from just above the high shoulder or girth. (Source: MPRG)
A jug with a pierced bunghole just above the base. the bunghole can be made through an applied knob or disc of clay, or simply a hole in the vessel wall. In use, the hole would probably have had a tap or spigot attached. (Source: MPRG)
A circular flask with one or two flattened faces. (Source: MPRG)
A flask with a rounded, almost spherical shape. (Source: MPRG)
A flask with a hollow ring-shaped form. (Source: MPRG)
A jar whose profile resembles two truncated cones joined together at the widest point, forming a carination at the centre of the vessel. (Source: MPRG)
A jar with vertical concave body walls. (Source: MPRG)
A concave sided jar made in tin-glazed earthenware. (Source: MPRG)
A jar with roughly vertical body walls which in some cases may be slightly convex. (Source: MPRG)
A jar with a profile that flares outwards from base to rim, but usually with a constriction at the neck. Squat examples, with a height less than the minimum diameter, could be classified as bowls. (Source: MPRG)
A jar with a rounded profile merging into a rounded base with no discernible basal angle. (Source: MPRG)
A specific form of globular jar with a rounded or very sagging base and an inturned, generally simple, rim. (Source: MPRG)
A jar with a profile that slopes inwards from base to rim. Particularly shallow examples have been term Peat Pots; this is a term with a restricted distribution in northern England. (Source: MPRG)
A jar with an evenly rounded profile. (Source: MPRG)
A specific type of small rounded jar. (Source: MPRG)
A jar with a roughly cylindrical or slightly flaring lower body and a rounded, inward sloping shoulder. (Source: MPRG)
A jar adapted by the addition of a single handle. Profiles vary and should be double indexed with the appropriate JAR type. (Source: MPRG)
A jar with a single handle attached to the rim edge and looped over the top of the vessel. There may be a lip. Profiles can vary and should be double indexed with the appropriate JAR type. (Source: MPRG)
A jar adapted by the addition of two handles. Handles may be horizontal or vertical loops or horizontal or curved lugs. Handles are nearly always opposed. Profiles vary and should be double indexed with the appropriate JAR type. (Source: MPRG)
A distinctive form of jar being a flat-based, straight-sided or slightly rounded jar with two opposed, upright, rounded, tongue-shaped lugs raised from above the rim and bridged by added, internal struts used to suspend the pot over a fire. (Source: MPRG)
A jar with one or more lips added on the outside of the vessel wall over a hole pierced through the wall. The lips do not usually rise above rim level. (Source: MPRG)
A jar adapted by the addition of three or more vertical loop handles. They may be equally spaced, or confined to one section of the circumference. Profile vary and should be double indexed with the appropriate JAR type. (Source: MPRG)
A jar adapted by the addition of a straight handle and three feet. Profiles vary and should be double indexed with the appropriate JAR type. (Source: MPRG)
A specific form of cauldron, generally of rounded profile made in the Low Countries. (Source: MPRG)
A jar adapted by the addition of a pierced bunghole just above the base. The hole can be simply a hole in the wall of the vessel or made through a circular knob or disc of clay. There may be one or two vertical loop handles. (Source: MPRG)
A bowl whose form resembles two cones joined together at their widest points, forming a carination.
A bowl with a sharp change of angle in the vessel wall, generally at the point of maximum diameter. the carination may be in the upper or lower half of the vessel. (Source: MPRG)
A bowl with concave body walls. Wide-mouthed, narrow-based examples, particularly those in larger sizes, have been termed Pans or Pancheons. (Source: MPRG)
A bowl with straight sides which turn outwards, forming an obtuse angle with the base, i.e. and inverted, truncated, conical shape. (Source: MPRG)
A flared bowl of medium to deep depth, with wide horizontal everted rim. These vessels may have a single handle. (Source: MPRG)
A wide-mouthed, narrow based flared bowl associated with dairying activities. (Source: MPRG)
A bowl with no noticeable base angle, so that the walls and base form a continuous rounded curve (Source: MPRG)
A bowl with convex body walls. (Source: MPRG)
A bowl with straight sides which are at an approximate right angle to the base, i.e. a roughly cylindrical shape. (Source: MPRG)
A bowl adapted by the addition of a short tubular spout applied just below the rim.
A bowl adapted by having a pedestal base. (Source: MPRG)
A bowl comprising three or more equally spaced lobes. There may be one or more moulded animals or other figures inside the base and two or more handles. (Source: MPRG)
A bowl divided into two or more compartments by vertical slab partitions. (Source: MPRG)
A vessel comprising of two or more bowls, generally of small size, joined together. There may be one or more handles of varying forms. (Source: MPRG)
A bowl adapted by the addition of one or more handles. The handles may be vertical or horizontal loops, or straight, or may comprise vertical or horizontal lugs. (Source: MPRG)
A jar adapted by the addition of one or more handles. (Source: MPRG)
A bowl adapted by the addition of a single handle
A bowl with a straight handle projecting horizontally or diagonally upwards from the rim, particularly or completely hollow, but not opening into the vessel. A jar adapted by the addition of one or more handles. (Source: MPRG)
A bowl with a single loop handle crossing over the top of the vessel from one side of the rim to the other. (Source: MPRG)
A bowl adapted by the addition of two handles, generally opposed. (Source: MPRG)
A small, double-handled bowl with horizontal loop handles decorated with a cockerel motif. (Source: MPRG)
A bowl adapted by the addition of three or more handles. (Source: MPRG)
A dish with straight or convex sides that turn inwards, forming an acute basal angle. (Source: MPRG)
A dish adapted by the addition of a pedestal base. (Source: MPRG)
A dish comprising three or more lobes, usually equally spaced. There may be one or more animal or other figures inside the base and two or more handles. (Source: MPRG)
A round, oval or rectangular straight-sided dish, divided into two or more units or compartments of varying sizes by vertical slab partitions. (Source: MPRG)
A vessel comprising two or more dishes, generally of small size, joined together. There may be one or more handles of varying forms. (Source: MPRG)
A type of dish specifically designed to catch the juices from roasting meat. The dish may be oval, semi-circular, rectangular or wedge-shaped. Usually has one or two handles located on one long side and a lip at one or both short sides. (Source: MPRG)
A shallow tray or dish used for baking food.
A beaker adapted by having a pedestal base. The upper part of the pedestal is solid and may be thrown as an integral part of the vessel, or added as a separate element.(Source: MPRG)
A beaker with convex body walls. (Source: MPRG)
A beaker with a construction above the base to form a waisted profile. (Source: MPRG)
A cup with a marked change of angle in the body wall, generally at the point of maximum girth. (Source: MPRG)
A cup with sides falring outwards from the base towards the rim, usually with a single handle.
A cup with a rounded body beneath a deep neck. There may be a marked junction between neck and body and the angle of the neck may be inward-sloping, upright or everted. (Source: MPRG)
A cup with convex body walls. (Source: MPRG)
A cup adapted by the addition of a pedestal base. (Source: MPRG)
A vessel composed of three or more equally spaced lobes and usually, a waisted or pedestal base. The handles are vertical loops, generally of strap form. There may be two opposed handles, or one per lobe junction. (Source: MPRG)
A vessel composed of three or more separate compartments, joined together and pierced to allow liquid to flow from one to another. There may be one or more handles. (Source: MPRG)
A form of cup which incorporates a joke or conundrum, where cut-outs or holes in the body make conventional use impossible. The puzzle is how to drink from it without getting wet; usually achieved by sucking through a hollow rim or handle. (Source: MPRG)
A mug with little or no discernible neck and an even, convex profile from rim to base, which have roughly equal diameters. (Source: MPRG)
A mug with more-or-less straight side which flare out from the rim to the wider base. (Source: MPRG)
A German stoneware form of conical mug. (Source: MPRG)
A mug with roughly vertical body walls. (Source: MPRG)
A mug with straight sides flaring outwards from the base towards the rim. (Source: MPRG)
A mug with a rounded body profile below a deep neck. There may be a marked junction between the neck and the body. The neck may be inward-sloping, upright or everted. (Source: MPRG)
A specific German Stoneware form of rounded mug. (Source: MPRG)
A lid with a carinated conical profile and straight vertical sides, surmounted by a conical top with and integral knob. (Source: MPRG)
A lid with a shallow conical profile and an integral knob. (Source: MPRG)
A simple flat-topped lid resembling an inverted dish but with no central knob or handle. (Source: MPRG)
A lid with a shallow domed profile and a central knob. (Source: MPRG)
A simple, flat or nearly flat lid. In ceramic forms, often made by rolling out clay rather than by throwing on a wheel. (Source: MPRG)
A lid resembling an inverted dish with a flat top and an integral or added knob or loop handle. (Source: MPRG)
A lid comprising a shallow flared dish with an integral knob rising from the centre. (Source: MPRG)
A lid with a distinct flange, projecting upwards, horizontally or downwards, and an integral knob. Complex examples can include a simple locking device: lugs on the lower flange can be twisted into matching cut-outs in the rim to lock it. (Source: MPRG)
A type of flanged lid where the lower flange is partly cut away to leave two projections or lugs, which can be fitted into corresponding cut-outs in the rim of the vessel beneath and secure the lid when it is rotated. (Source: MPRG)
A complex or ornate lid which cannot be easily classified according to the main forms of lid. (Source: MPRG)
A candlestick in which a simple socket is set in the centre of a drip tray or saucer. There may be a vertical loop handle linking the socket to the rim of the saucer. (Source: MPRG)
A candlestick in which the socket is above a drip tray or grease tray, placed on a pedestal base which is generally hollow. There may be a vertical loop handle and one or more secondary drip trays. (Source: MPRG)
A deep, square or rectangular, flat slab of clay, the upper surface of which has two or more cup-shaped holders cut into it. (Source: MPRG)
A pedestal lamp with a drip-tray below the bowl. There may be a vertical loop handle linking bowl and drip-tray. Some variants have a more enclosed bowl form with a small tubular spout projecting from the bowl. (Source: MPRG)
A small hemispherical bowl with a pinched or pulled wick lip. (Source: MPRG)
A small bowl on a pedestal base, which may be solid or at least partly hollow. It may have a wick lip at the rim or a lug handle. (Source: MPRG)
A small bowl on a pedestal base above a drip-tray or saucer. It may have a wick lip at the rim. May have pierced lugs projecting form the rim for suspension of a handle, spout or vertical loop handle linking bowl and saucer. (Source: MPRG)
A small hemispherical or flared bowl with a solid pointed base or spike. May include a wick lip at the rim and one or two pierced lugs for suspension. (Source: MPRG)
A curfew with straight sides flaring outwards from the top. (Source: MPRG)
A curfew with a rounded profile merging into a rounded top, with no discernible angle. (Source: MPRG)
A curfew consisting of a half section of an inverted bowl. The form has been adapted for use against a wall. (Source: MPRG)
A curfew consisting of a half-bell shape with a raised flange around the cut-away side. A vertical loop handle joins the flange and body. The form is adapted for use against a wall and some are highly decorated. (Source: MPRG)
An end scraper that has a retouched end which is convex in form. (Source: SARC)
An end scraper made on a flake that is wider than it is long. (Source: SARC)
An end scraper which has a retouched end that is straight in form. If the tool blank is a blade or flake, and the retouch is abrupt retouch rather than scraper retouch then use either Truncated blade or Truncated flake. (Source: SARC)
An end scraper which has a retouched end that is concave in form. (Source: SARC)
A side scraper with a short concavity retouched into an edge. This may be achieved by a single blow. (Source: SARC)
A microlith retouched to a point, usually with oblique retouch. They are synonymous with 'obliquely blunted points' of the English Mesolithic. (Source: SARC)
A microlith retouched to a half moon or crescent shape. (Source: SARC)
A microlith retouched to a triangular shape. They can be sub-divided into scalene and isosceles triangles. (Source: SARC)
A microlith retouched to a trapezium shape. (Source: SARC)
A microlith retouched to a rectangular shape. (Source: SARC)
A microlith retouched to a thomboid shape. (Source: SARC)
A stone axe in which the surface is fully covered by negative removals. Core axes may be made on flakes and have part of the flake's original surface but this cannot be part of the edge otherwise use FLAKED AXE. (Source: SARC)
A stone core with a conical form and a core platform which may or may not be prepared. Blades are removed around the circumference of the platform. The end of the core opposite the platform usually tapers to a point. (Source: SARC)
A small stone core with a conical form and a single core platform which may or may not be prepared. Microblades are removed form the circumference of the platform. The end opposite the platform usually tapers to a point. (Source: SARC)
A stone core made on a large thick flake and characterized by a distinctive, unworked or slightly-shaped handle section. The platform is plain and microblades are detached mainly form the front section of the core. (Source: SARC)
A core which has two opposing platforms. One end serving as the main platform for the removal of blades - the other being used to straighten the face of the core and correct knapping errors. Removals are taken from the full circumference. (Source: SARC)
A core used to produce flakes from a single plain platform. The base of the core, or 'keel', is often formed by alternate removal from a process resembling cresting. Often one end has a relatively unmodified section. (Source: SARC)
A core with more than two distinct platforms usually including one or two striking surfaces and the the traces of former platforms. Usually restricted to flake production. (Source: SARC)
A stone core which is irregular in shape. It can have numerous usuable or abandoned striking platforms. It is the most common core type and it is often the last attempt of a knapper to extract the final usable flakes form the core. (Source: SARC)
A jar-shaped vessel with pierced apertures or cut-out on an open or closed pedestal base. Herbs, spices or scented woods would be placed in the pot and a burning coal placed underneath to warm the herbs so they would release their scent.
A heating apparatus in which coals or embers are placed in the pedestal or base below a container in which food or liquid could be held and kept warm.
A small, handled, open vessel, generally with a steep profile, designed to sit partially within a larger vessel and used to warm drinks. (Source: MPRG)
A vessel used as the lower part of a distillation unit consisting of a round-bottomed vessel with walls sloping inwards towards the rim. Some examples may have an external flange to support the upper unit (ALEMBIC). (Source: MPRG)
A deep, rectangular or oval, straight-sided vessel with an everted, crenellated rim, used to hold either wax for dipping candles or molten sulphur for dipping matches. (Source: MPRG)
A costrel with a barrel-shaped body and a centrally placed neck. One end is usually flat and the other domed. Two opposed strap handles or lugs join the rim or neck and shoulder. (Source: MPRG)
A costrel with a cylindrical body and a centrally placed neck. One end is usually domed and the other flat. Two opposed strap handles or lugs may join the rim or neck and shoulder. (Source: MPRG)
A costrel with a flattened spherical form: the back is flat and the front domed or mammiform. The base may be slightly flattened or rounded. Two opposed strap handles or lugs join the rim or neck and shoulder. (Source: MPRG)
A costrel with a narrow-mouth and two opposed handles or lugs on the shoulder.
The piece of stone or flint remaining after blades have been produced.
A device inserted in the ear canal to protect the wearer from loud noises or the intrusion of water, foreign bodies, dust or excessive wind.
A type of cast chisel with a sharp, concave edge for shaping wood, stone or metal. A particular type of British Bronze Age tool.
A type of mace with bolster shaped stone or metal head on a wooden or metal shaft. Where the use is thought to be ceremonial, double index with ceremonial object.
A Mesolithic type of mace head made of stone.
A nail used for roofing.
Metal shaped blade that flares out to a curved cutting edge, with a side loop to further assist hafting.
A tool used to notch, line cut or scratch into a surface.
Type of leaf-shaped socketed spearhead with two small holes or loops on either side at the base of the blade. Possibly meant to assist in securing the metal spearhead to the wooden shaft, or to tie streamers of some kind to the top of the spear.
A spearhead with an elongated hollow cast into the base of the blade to receive the end of the wooden spear shaft. The spearhead was secured to the shaft by pegs set at right angles or by lashings fixed to loops cast at the base of the spearhead.
A type of spearhead with a triangular blade bevelled at the edges and with a groove(s) following the outline.
A device for catching eagles, falcons and hawks.
Style of early Bronze Age pot found widely in north-western Europe with a deep, largely plain, outwardly flared body above which is sharp carination, usually decorated and sometimes with an applied cordon, and an inwardly angled neck.
A collared urn with a heavy rim or collar on top of a straight-sided or slightly bowed body narrowing to a small flat base. Decoration may extend for a short way below the collar, but this is rare.
A large vessel with raised or applied cordons running horizontally on the body of the vessel.
A collared urn with a heavy rim or collar on top of a concave neck or cavetto zone, which may or may not be decorated, and this in turn leads down to a straight-sided but narrowing body. Decoration may extend below this cavetto zone, but this is rare.
Urn with a heavy rim or collar which may be vertical or slightly inverted. This may carry incised or impressed decoration, particularly herring-bone, encircling lines, hurdling or chevron decoration.
The impost, or point at which a vault rests upon its support, and from which it seems to spring. Hence the term describes the bottom stone of a vault, which lies on the impost.
A heavy chain, usually of gold, worn as insignia of office or a mark of fealty or other association from the Middle Ages onwards.
A long-handled implement designed to allow the user to scratch their own back.
A piece of plate armour designed to protect the shoulder.
A reinforced and padded item of clothing designed to protect the upper body in sports associated with physical contact or possible injury from sporting equipment. For military uses use BREASPLATE.
Clothing designed to protect the wearer from physical hazards.
A flag or object depicting a symbolic representation carried as part of a religious ceremony.
A monocular optical instrument possessing magnification for observing distant objects, especially in astronomy.
A device used to gauge the speed of a vessel at sea.
A tool used for splitting straw. The straw splitter would be pushed down the hollow shaft of a piece of straw to produce six flat lengths of straw ready for plaiting. Used in straw hat making.
A machine that can be flown in the air, now specifically an aeroplane or helicopter.
Any part of an aircraft. Use more specific term where known.
A mask worn over the face to protect the wearer from inhaling airborne pollutants and toxic gases. The mask forms a sealed cover over the nose and mouth, but may also cover the eyes and other vulnerable soft tissues of the face.
A type of stoneware jug dating to the 16th and 17th centuries, popularly known as a Bellarmine jug, shaped in the figure of a bearded man. They were produced in the Cologne region, particularly Frechen.
A fully automatic mounted or portable firearm, usually designed to fire bullets in quick succession from an ammunition belt or magazine.
A muzzle loaded explosive projectile fired from a mortar. Typically they are short range and low velocity with a high arcing trajectory.
Outer casing of an explosive cartridge fired from a cannon or mortar.
A moveable section of light fence, traditionally made from wattle and used for herding livestock, to separate land or to act as river bank revetments.
Plain clay tile suspended, loose, from the top edge of a tiling lath or batten so as to overlap two courses below. It is held in place by a small wooden peg wedged into, or passed through, one (or sometimes both) of two holes in the head of the tile.
A small piece of metal used to mend ceramic, glass or metal plates and vessels.
Ammunition from any period found to have been expended (cannonballs, shells, bullets) which may indicate the possible site of a battle or action on land or at sea. Index where appropriate with Battlefield Debris as a Monument Type.
A mould in which a sword is cast.
A shallow ceramic or metal libation bowl, usually with no handles or feet. The Greeks called it a phiale, the Romans a patera. Used in religious practice. Could contain mixed wine and water but also unmixed wine, honey, oil, water, or milk.
A human-powered, pedal-driven, single-track vehicle, having two wheels attached to a frame, one behind the other.
A self-propelled wheeled vehicle that does not operate on rails, such as trains or trolleys.
A vehicle used to transport passengers. Cars usually have four wheels and an internal combustion engine.
A car adapted for ease of use by people with disabilities.
A funerary vehicle used to carry a coffin from a church or funeral home to a cemetery.
A two or three wheeled motor vehicle.
A motor vehicle designed to transport cargo.
A road vehicle designed to carry many passengers.
A pressure vessel used to store gasses at above atmospheric pressure.
Round object used to carry cable or wire.
Short-range naval weapon with a low muzzle velocity.
Molluscs found in terrestrial habitats as opposed to fresh or brackish water.
Molluscs found in fresh or brackish water habitats.
Remains of barley (Hordeum sp.) grain (caryopyses). These grains are sometimes itemised separately.
Remains of wheat (Triticum sp.) grain (caryopyses). These grains are sometimes itemised separately.
Remains of any part of a nut including the nutshell. The definition of nut as used here is any woody fruit or seed.
Remains of any part of a hazel (Corylus avellana L.) nut.
Remains of the wood seeds of fruits such as apples, pears, grapes or citrus.
Remains of the endocarp (stone) of a member of the genus Prunus which includes sloes, plums, cherries, apricots and peaches.
Residue resulting from the presence of sewage. While you can have a cesspit, it contains sewage not cess.
A component of reciprocating engines - the moving component that is contained by a cylinder.
A flaky or spheroidal byproduct of the iron forging process, composed of either iron oxide or magnetite.
A wide, shallow, straight-sided, circular DISH, with concentric divisions, formed by vertical partitions, or by concentric grooving around the base. The use is uncertain but the name implies it was designed to hold feed for domestic fowl. (Source: MPRG)
Portable device that generate stable and consistent flame by combining flammable liquids or pressurised gases with a spark.
A portable object of stone, bone, metal or other material featuring a deliberately engraved or incised design.
Equipment, including specialised clothing, bats, rackets etc. used for sporting activities.
A device used to slow the fall of a person or an object from a great height. When open it consists of a large umberella like sheet with wires or ropes converging from the edge to a harness attached to the lower end.
Low-grade cast iron in the form of balls or spheres, produced in small workshops and exported across the North Sea and Baltic region. Particularly associated with 16th century Sweden. Also spelt oszemundt and other variants.
A small cup for holding a boiled egg upright while it is being eaten.
Parts which make up a maritime vessel.
Any part of a maritime vessel. Use more specific term where known.
Any piece of timber that makes up the body of a maritime vessel, e.g. frame, decks, masts.
A tool used to provide grip and mechanical advantage in applying torque to tighten or loosen objects such as nuts and bolts.
A curving metal band attached to the underside of the stock of a firearm, vertically enclosing the trigger to prevent accidental discharge.
A staff with a fork at one end which would be used to hold a lighted slow match which was used to fire a canon.
The cutting or chopping part of an adze; bifacially worked, longitudinal section symmetrical, cutting edge parallel to the direction of the hafted tool as swung.
A pebble or small cobble with a small circular depression in one or both faces. The depressions, if on both faces, are usually directly opposite. These items may be unfinished pebble hammers.
A piece with one or more surfaces with either/both slightly convex shape appropriate for use in forming metal artefacts.
A hammerstone but with broad groove worked around much or all of centre to enable fixing to a handle; usually associated with mining/metalworking.
A disc >4mm with a central perforation.
A stone/cobble/boulder with worn/smooth wear traces left by grinding/polishing axes/adzes.
Worked or unworked block/boulder/cobble, on which grain was ground by to-and-fro motion, resulting in a deep smooth elongated hollowed area.
Glass fragments collected for re-melting. This includes not only worked fragments, but pieces broken from blowing irons and pontils, (moyles). All periods from the Roman onwards.
A roller used in the fulling process to felt cloth.
In the glass industry, material spilled or raked from the top of the crucible during melting:important for assessing the methods of glassmaking and a common find on furnace sites. Roman period onwards.
The vertical recessed face of a pediment, often decorated with sculpture.
A container holding items associated with the period of burial. Often buried to commemorate a certain event, such as the foundation of a building.
An enclosed cage used in a mine shaft to transport miners from the surface to the mine workings.
A trough for containing moulding sand for use in casting metal artefacts.
In the glass industry, a flat block of stone (idealy marble), cast iron, or a ceramic material, on which cylinder glass is flattened. Medieval and Post Medieval.
An iron striking plate used to create sparks to ignite a fire.
A detachable tool for mechanical diggers primarily used in demolition but also for reclamation and salvage.
A hooked tool, usually of metal, used to clean the hooves of a horse.
Perforated tiles, used to pave the drying floors of malting kilns.
Concreted pyre material - a fusion of seaweed, sand and human remains - deliberately included in prehistoric graves in Scotland.
The remains of living organisms preserved in stone over a long time period. Only use when proven to have been used as an object such as a grave good.
Rock fragment (diameter 4-64mm) larger than gravel and smaller than cobble. Only use when proven to have been used as an object such as a grave good.
Hard, protective covering made largely of calcium salts secreted by soft bodied invertebrate animals. Only use when proven to have been used as an object such as a grave good.
A specific Bronze Age grave good that features in rich burial assemblages.
A bead in the form of a circular or multi-sided cylinder.
A bead in the form of a doughnut.
A bead in the form of a disc.
A bead formed from a spiral of glass or ceramic.
A pin with a disc, often decorated, at the head end.
Flint occurs chiefly as nodules in sedimentary rocks, such as chalks and limestones. Use term for tested or untested nodule.
Use to record the bones and skeletal remains of any member of the family of Hippopotamidae which may act as chronological markers for sites dating to the Pleistocene.
Use to record the bones and skeletal remains of any member of the family of Hyaenidae which may act as chronological markers for sites dating to the Pleistocene.
A species of antelope which during antiquity inhabited a vast area of the Eurasian steppe. During the Pleistocene, it ranged across the mammoth steppe from the British Isles to Beringia and the presence of Saiga remains may act as a useful chronological marker for this period.
Use to record the bones and skeletal remains of a Lion. When found in an archaeological context lion remains may act as a chronological marker for the sites dating to the Pleistocene
Use to record the bones and skeletal remains of a Mammoth which may act as chronological markers for sites dating to the Pleistocene.
Use to record the bones and skeletal remains of Megaloceros giganteus which may act as chronological markers for sites dating to the Pleistocene.
Use to record the bones and skeletal remains of any member of the genus Rangifer which may act as chronological markers for sites dating to the Pleistocene.
Use to record the bones and skeletal remains of any member of the family of Equidae which may act as chronological markers for sites dating to the Pleistocene.
Use to record the bones and skeletal remains of Canis Lupus (Wolf) which may act as chronological markers for sites dating to the Pleistocene.
Use to record the bones and skeletal remains of any member of the family of Ursidae which may act as chronological markers for sites dating to the Pleistocene.
Use to record the bones and skeletal remains of any member of the family of Rhinocerotidae which may act as chronological markers for sites dating to the Pleistocene.
Use to record the bones and skeletal remains of any extinct member of the family of Bovidae which may act as chronological markers for sites dating to the Pleistocene.
A kind of copper-alloy disc brooch, about 2cm in diameter and decorated with a single human face mask, usually frontal and occasionally in profile.
Material from trees that have been buried in peat bogs and preserved from decay by the acidic and anaerobic bog conditions. Bog wood can be useful for extending the dendrochronological record.
A device or implement, especially one held in the hand, used to carry out a particular function. Use more specific terms where known.
A type of handaxe that is associated with the Neanderthal Mousterian industry of the Middle Palaeolithic in Britain. The handaxes are bifacially-worked and in the shape of a rounded triangle.
Term for undiagnostic remains of fired or burnt clay which is of uncertain origin or function.
Use to record the bones and skeletal remains of any member of the genus of Bison which may act as chronological markers for sites dating to the Pleistocene.
Antler
Antler Tine
Animal Horn
Animal Bone
Calf Hair
Cattle Nasal Bone
Animal Skeleton
Animal Tooth
Faunal Remains
Animal Skull
Knuckle Bone (Remains)
Butchered Animal Bone
Fish Bone
Human Skull
Human Bone
Human Tooth
Human Skeleton
Insect
Beetle Remains
Coleoptera Remains
Gun
Spear Butt
Lancehead
Trenching Tool
Wrist Guard
Bracer
Arm Piece
Vambrace
Ankle Guard
Greave
Knee Guard
Shin Guard
Arms Case
Chain Mail
Flintlock
Firelock
Pilum
Plumbatum
Primer
Sling Stone
Kidney Dagger
Visor
Noseguard
Earguard
Helmet Cheekpiece
Military Cheekpiece
Crest
Ear Guard
Helm
Macehead
Scabbard Fitting
Scabbard Loop
Chape
Scramasax
Shield Mount
Umbo
Sword Chape
Sword Blade
Sword Fitting
Sword Guard
Sword Pommel
Sword Pommelguard
Sword Hilt
Drug Jar
Drug Pot
Ear Pick
Ear Cleaner
Ear Spoon
Ligula
Surgical Knife
Balance Arm
Balance Beam
Balance Pan
Balance Pin
Scales
Scale Pan
Tally Stick
Weather Cock
Clock Face
Spacer
Spacer Plate
Ruler
Corn Measure
Modius
Book Cover
Book Mount
Book Clasp
Ink Case
Ink Pot
Sandholder
Ink Sander
Seal Impression
Pentatych
Polyptych
Diptych (Written)
Triptych (Written)
Bugle
Bucina
Cornu
Lituus
Slide Trumpet
Tuba
Coal Money
Sled
Sledge Runner
Lynch Pin
Polesheath
Carrying Chair
Anchor Stone
Skate
Nave Band
Hub
Hub Cap
Hub Lining
Strake
Tyre Hoop
Harp Peg
Harp Tuning Peg
Pillar Harp
Mouthpiece
Reed Cap
Syrinx
Recorder
Fife
Fipple Flute
Flageolet
Pipe (Music)
Pellet Bell
Harness Bell
Rumbler Bell
Sleigh Bell
Clapper
Bell Clapper
Handbell
Fingerboard
Fret
Peg Arm
Organ Pipe
Organetto
Portative Organ
Regal
Aulos
Tibia
Bladder Pipe
Cithara
Frame Harp
Dulcimer
Resonator
Sistrum
Symphonie
Timbrel
Ball
Bowling Ball
Gaming Counter
Playing Piece
Game Counter
Chessman
Hnaftafl Marker
Dice
Game Board
Camel Harness
Dog Harness
Horse Harness
Yoke Terminal
Spectacles (Animal)
Camel Whip
Cattle Whip
Horse Whip
Horsebit
Cheekpiece
Horse Bit
Snaffle
Saddlebow
Pommel (Saddle)
Rowel
Rowelspur
Ox Goad
Horseshoe Nail
Fiddle Key Nail
Strap Guide
Strap Union
Belt Fitting
Belt Attachment
Belt Chape
Belt Loop
Belt Mount
Belt Plate
Belt Slide
Belt Clasp
Bar Mount
Terret
Terret Ring
Phalera
Rein Guide
Commemorative Brass
Memorial Brass
Monumental Brass
Dedication Stone
Memorial Stone
Foundation Stone
Commemorative Tablet
Commemorative Plaque
Memorial Tablet
Wall Tablet
Memorial Effigy
Bar Share
Ploughshare
Share
Coulter
Bee Skepp
Churn Dash
Fish Net
Landing Net
Lariat
Milking Can
Milking Jug
Milking Pail
Milking Pot
Spade Iron
Spade Shoe
Statuette
Altar Base
Canopic Urn
Canopic Jar
Canopic Chest
Burial Pot
Burial Cloth
Amulet Ring
Talisman
Amulet Seal
Posy Ring
Signet Ring
Cinerary Chest
Coffin Lining
Communion Cup
Communion Flagon
Communion Tankard
Funerary Chalice
Monumental Cross
Cross Head
Cross Shaft
Cross Shaft Base
Rood
Defixione
Divination Bone
Lar
Holy Water Box
Holy Water Pot
Holy Water Vase
Flagellum
Headstone
Footstone
Ledger Stone
Namestone
Flooring
Box Tile
Window Came
Window Lead
Wedding Ring
Column Base
Plinth
Torus
Sceptre Head
Door Jamb
Door Frame
Door Post
Door Socket
Door Sill
Epicranitis
Sima
Cyma
Antefix
Gable Cross
Gateway
Gate Pier
Gate Pillar
Roof Louver
Roof Louvre
Stair
Stair Riser
Window Bar
Window Frame
Window Grille
Window Moulding
Window Sill
Candleholder
Candle Standard
Hearth
Hearth Lining
Oven Clay
Oven Furniture
Cramp
Joiners Dog
Angle Bracket
Door Furniture
Door Handle
Door Knob
Door Plate
Door Stud
Door Knocker
Door Stop
Hinge Cylinder
Hinge Dowel
Hinge Pivot
Hinge Strap
Keyhole Cover
Keyhole Escutcheon
Keyhole Plate
Escutcheon
Latch Catch
Latch Rest
Lock Bolt
Lock Bolt Spring
Lock Plate
Lock Spring
Lock Tumbler
Lock Bar
Lock Housing
Padlock Bolt
Padlock Spring
Padlock Tube
Window Furniture
Bucket Handle
Bucket Stave
Pail
Riddle
Cutting Blade
Chain Link
Knife Blade
Knife Plate
Backed Knife
Clasp Knife
Discoidal Scraper
Carved Stone
Saggar
Kiln Bar
Kiln Lining
Kiln Packing
Kiln Spacer
Fire Bar
Hone
Hammer Head
Core Fragment
Core Rejuvenation Flake
Tortoise Core
Bedpost
Heel Stiffener
Bangle
Breech Cloth
Loin Band
Buckle Frame
Buckle Loop
Buckle Pin
Buckle Plate
Buckle Tongue
Cloak Pin
Coronet
Fibula
Brooch Spring
Gipciere
Purse Mount
Purse Frame
Purse Bar
Head Cloth
Lacing Ring
Ring Pendant
Bulla (Pendant)
Halberd Pendant
Wrist Torc
Cauldron Hanger
Drinking Horn Mount
Baby Feeder
Cask
Barrel Hoop
Coffer
Parish Chest
Cosmetic Bowl
Cosmetic Box
Cosmetic Case
Cosmetic Dish
Cosmetic Flask
Cosmetic Jar
Perfume Pot
Comb Case Plate
Pilgrim Bottle
Thurible
Broom
Brush Holder
Flesh Fork
Fork Prong
Grinder
Knitting Pin
Wool Comb
Bobbin Shuttle
Flax Pounder
Grinding Stone
Grinding Wheel
Heddle Cradle
Warping Frame
Pin Beater
Thread Picker
Pulley Insert
Pulley Wheel
Smoothing Iron
Twist Gimlet
Weaving Stick
Weaving Sword
Emblem
Bag Ring
Chamfrain
Cutting Flake
Dowel
Eel Fork
Flan
Garment Hook
Knapping Fragment
Levallois Point
Leg Iron
Needle Case
Quarrel
Rubber
Rubbing Stone
Aspergill
Asperges
Arrow Smoother
Arrow Shaft Straightener
Wing Flanged Axehead
Haft Flanged Axehead
Median Winged Axehead
End Winged Axehead
Bedsheet
Casting Debris
Comb Connecting Plate
Comb End Plate
Comb Handle
Comb Tooth
Comb Tooth Plate
Double Sided Comb
Single Sided Comb
Flint Implement
Flint
Flints
Lithic
Lithics
Fire Grid
Hawk Belt
Loop Headed Spike
Necklet
Chain Of Office
Pot Lid
Vessel Lid
Archetype
Shafthole Implement
Shafthole Adze
Slate
Pipe Holder
Cloth
Tobacco Bag
Tobacco Box
Tobacco Case
Tobacco Jar
Tobacco Pot
Tobacco Flask
Tobacco Basket
Toilet Set
Wrist Clasp
Face Vase
Merchants Hoard
Personal Hoard
Mural
Fresco
Linen Armour
Sabaton
Casting Counter
Reaping Knife
Hayfork
Pastern Trammel
Petit Tranchet Arrowhead
Urinal (Chamber Pot)
Churn Staff
Fire Guard
Motif Piece
Coffin Plate
Slate Pencil
Sledge (Hammer)
Grappling Hook
Grapnel
Clinch Nail
Clench Bolt
Trunnel
Millefiori Rod
Net Weight
Shard
Pottery
Celt
Rosette Brooch
Ansate Brooch
Lamberton Moor Brooch
Simple One-Piece Brooch
Hook Norton Brooch
Handaxe Roughout
Earthworm Remains
Snail Remains
Mollusc
Molluscs
Land Snail Remains
Freshwater (Mollusca Remains)
Microfauna Remains
Soil
Sediment
Organic Sediment
Black Earth
Dark Earth
Organic Deposit
Deposition
Depositions
Waterlain Silt
Alluvial Deposit
Colluvial Deposit
Buried Soil
Palaeosol
Cultivation Soil
Plough Soil
Garden Soil
Brickearth
Boulder Clay
Microfossil
Tompion
Roof Stone
Hosepipe
Spider Shot
Winding Key
Lighthouse Jug
Tranchet Axe
Anthropomorphic Jug
Bunghole Pitcher
Cistern (Jug)
Standfussschale
Schalenurne
Condiment Bowl
Two Handled Bowl
Condiment Dish
Compartmented Tray
Dripping Pan
Dripping Tray
Meat Dish
Fish Dish
Stemmed Beaker
Stemmed Goblet
Collar Rim Cup
Thistle Tyg
Chamber Candlestick
Hand Lamp
Pricket Lamp
Bowl Curfew
Bell Shaped Curfew
Flake Axe
Core Axe
Sugar Cone Mould
Bugelknopffibeln
Earplug
Incense Cup
Palstaff
Footed Pygmy Cup
Writing Box
Writing Cabinet
Chest Guard (Armour)
Alam
Bellarmine Jug
Phiale
Road Vehicle
Truck
Automobile
Gas Bottle
Barley
Wheat
Gun Guard
Polissoir
Ceramic Building Material
CBM
Spear Head
Hyaena Remains
Irish Elk
Bog Oak
Bladelet
Bladelets
Loom-Weight
Loom Weight
Loom-Weights
Loom Weights
Quernstone
Quern Stone
Quernstones
Quern Stones
Scraper
Scrapers
Shell
Shells
Fossil
Fossils
Pebbles
Pebble
Animal Equipment
Agriculture And Subsistence
Architecture
Costume
Furnishings And Furniture
Transport
Unassigned
Animal Remains
Egg Shell
Fish Remains
Human Remains
Insect Remains
Mollusca Remains
Oyster Shell
Knuckle Bone (Gaming)
Chalk Ball
Gemstone
Bird Remains
Arrow
Arrowhead
Blowpipe (Weapon)
Bullet
Club
Crossbow
Dagger
Javelin
Lance
Quiver
Seax
Shot
Spear
Spear Thrower
Foil
Military Standard
Ammunition Pouch
Armour
Backplate
Baldric
Ballista Ball
Ballista Bolt
Barbed And Tanged Arrowhead
Baselard
Battleaxe
Bayonet
Breastplate
Buckler
Caltrop
Cannon
Cannon Ball
Cartridge
Catapult
Claymore
Corslet
Crossbow Bolt
Cuirass
Cutlass
Dart
Helmet
Foot Guard
Francisca
Gauntlet
Grenade
Guisarme
Gunflint
Halberd
Horse Armour
Glaive
Mace
Mail Armour
Musket
Musket Ball
Parade Armour
Pike
Pistol
Plate Armour
Poignard
Pole Axe
Powder Flask
Powder Horn
Powder Measure
Priming Flask
Rapier
Scabbard
Shield
Sling (Military)
Sling Shot
Sling Bullet
Sword
Sword Belt
Targe
Transverse Arrowhead
Trident
War Hammer
Firearm
Shield Boss
Dividers
Oculists Stamp
Spring Balance
Astrolabe
Compass
Amulet Capsule
Apothecary Jar
Apothecary Ladle
Apothecary Weight
Bandage
Bleeding Cup
Burr
Capsule
Catheter
Circumcision Equipment
Circumcision Knife
Circumcision Scissors
Circumcision Plate
Crutch
Dental Implement
Drug Bottle
Ear Scoop
Eye Bath
Forceps
Lancet
Lens
Medical Implement
Medical Plate
Medicine Bottle
Microscope
Ointment Jar
Phial
Pill Box
Probe
Retractors
Scalpel
Spatula
Surgical Instrument
Syringe
Abacus
Alidade
Altimeter
Astronomical Instrument
Balance
Balance Weight
Barometer
Steelyard
Sundial
Tally
Thermometer
Watch
Weather Vane
Weight
Wool Weight
Bushel
Calendar
Clinometer
Clock
Cloth Measure
Square
Sounding Lead
Shadow Box
Sextant
Set Square
Sand Glass
Rule
Quadrant
Protractor
Property Marker
Plumb Bob
Pendulum
Moondial
Milestone
Measuring Vessel
Measuring Rod
Level
Letter Weight
Hourglass
Grain Measure
Gnomon
Gauge
Foot Rule
Compasses
Coin Weight
Bell System
Book
Book Fitting
Bulla
Diary
Document
Embossing Stamp
Ink
Ink Bottle
Inkwell
Insignia
Letter
Manuscript
Paint Brush
Papyrus
Parchment
Parchment Pricker
Pen
Pencil
Plan
Quill
Sandshaker
Scroll
Seal
Seal Box
Seal Matrix
Sealing Wax
Speaking Tube
Stylus
Writing Brush
Writing Tablet
Buzzer
Drum
Gong
Hymn Book
Whistle
Intaglio
Prayer Book
Bank Note
Cloth Seal
Coin
Ingot
Currency Bar
Jetton
Money Box
Ring Money (Currency)
Token
Wagon
Vehicle Fitting
Sledge (Vehicle)
Rowlock
Paddle
Oar
Litter
Linch Pin
Coracle
Chariot
Cart Fitting
Cart
Carriage
Canoe
Boat
Axle
Axle Cap
Anchor
Ice Skate
Wheel
Fish Hook
Puppet
Baton
Bridge (Music)
Bullroarer
Cymbal
Fiddle
Flute
Guitar
Harp
Horn (Music)
Jingle Jangle
Jews Harp
Lute
Lyre
Mandolin
Musical Box
Pan Pipe
Plectrum
Rattle
Shaum
Tambourine
Trumpet
Tuning Peg
Violin
Bell
Castanet
Jingle
Triangle
Ratchet Rattle
Rommelpot
Psaltery
Keyboard Instrument
Plucked String Instrument
Bowed String Instrument
Hurdy Gurdy
Wind Instrument
Organ
Reed Pipe
Bagpipes
Beater (Music)
Bow (Music)
Drumstick
Key (Music)
Pedal (Music)
Soundboard
Soundbox
Stop (Music)
Valve (Music)
Windchest
Crotal
Tobacco Pouch
Opium Pipe
Dance Costume
Fishing Basket
Fishing Line
Fishing Rod
Float (Water)
Hunting Horn
Lure
Doll
Ball (Game)
Chess Board
Chess Piece
Cockspur
Discus
Domino
Gaming Board
Game Box
Jess
Marble
Puzzle
Quoit
Clay Pipe (Smoking)
Toy
Wager Cup
Skittle
Whipping Top
Gaming Piece
Heating And Lighting
Beehive
Cow Bell
Curry Comb
Girth
Hobble
Muzzle
Leash
Bridle
Bridle Bit
Bridle Fitting
Donkey Shoe
Goad
Harness
Stirrup
Saddle
Spur
Ox Shoe
Nose Bag
Horseshoe
Hipposandal
Harness Clip
Harness Hook
Harness Mount
Harness Pendant
Harness Ring
Feeding Bottle
Branding Iron
Shackle
Slave Chain
Crown
Sceptre
Stocks
Pillory
Gibbet
Gallows
Ducking Stool
Whipping Post
Arms
Commemorative Stone
Centurial Stone
Date Stone
Effigy
Medal
Etching Tool
Engraving Tool
Burin
Drawing Set
Bust
Figurehead
Ard
Bill Hook
Bolas
Churn
Corn Bin
Digging Stick
Fish Spear
Fish Trap
Fishing Net
Flail
Flesh Hook
Grain Rubber
Harpoon
Harrow
Hoe
Lasso
Machete
Mattock
Millstone
Millstone Roughout
Net Float
Net Sinker
Pick
Pickaxe
Pitchfork
Plough
Pruning Hook
Pruning Knife
Rake
Reaper
Reaping Hook
Rice Bin
Scythe
Secateurs
Shears
Shovel
Sickle
Spade
Thresher
Threshing Tray
Trap
Turf Cutter
Weeding Hook
Winnower
Winnowing Fork
Winnowing Basket
Winnowing Fan
Figurine
Petroglyph
Statue
Sculpture
Frieze
Triptych (Religious)
Icon
Altar
Armour <By Form>
Altar Cross
Altar Vase
Armour <By Function>
Armour <By Construction>
Military Equipment
Cinerary Bowl
Cinerary Casket
Ciborium
Chrismatory
Charm Necklace
Charm Bracelet
Charm
Chalice
Ceremonial Staff
Censer
Celtic Head
Burial Urn
Burial Chest
Bridal Headdress
Mortar (Weapon)
Bier
Amulet
Ampulla
Flintlock Musket
Rifle
Shotgun
Cinerary Urn
Coffin
Corn Dolly
Cross
Cross Pendant
Crozier
Bill
Crucifix
Cruet (Religious)
Curse
Cursing Stick
Death Mask
Diadem
Diptych (Religious)
Divination Board
Divination Bowl
Divination Box
Divination Figure
Divination Staff
Throwing Axe
Divination Stone
Divination Tablet
Divination Tray
Libation Vase
Libation Tank
Libation Table
Libation Ladle
Libation Jug
Libation Cup
Libation Bowl
Lachrymatory (Container)
Incense Bowl
Incense Burner
Incense Holder
Incense Shovel
Incense Spoon
Incense Tongs
Incense Vase
Incantation Bowl
Idol
Holy Water Sprinkler
Dowry Box
Eucharist Spoon
Scourge
Font
Grave Cover
Grave Marker
Gravestone
Pyx
Processional Cross
Prayer Stick
Prayer Scroll
Prayer Bead
Pilgrim Badge
Phylactery
Phallic Object
Pax
Paten
Pall
Ossuary
Marriage Ring
Step
Arch
Architectural Fragment
Baluster
Beam
Flue Tile
Witch Bottle
Brick
Came
Votive Tank
Votive Model
Capital
Tombstone
Tomb
Chimney
Throne
Chimney Pot
Column
Tabernacle
Symbol Stone
Corbel
Sun Disc
Stoup (Drinking Vessel)
Shroud
Scarab
Sarcophagus
Door
Sacrificial Knife
Rune Stone
Rosary
Ritual Flail
Reliquary Cross
Reliquary
Roof Finial
Finial (Architectural)
Fire Brick
Flashing
Floor
Floor Tile
Gargoyle
Gate
Imbrex
Lintel
Moulding
Paling
Panel
Pilaster
Plank
Ridge Tile
Roof Slab
Roof Slate
Roof Tile
Shingle
Sill Beam
Stained Glass (Window)
Structural Timber
Tegula
Tessera
Tile
Wall
Wall Tie
Window
Window Glass
Cosmetic Container
Cosmetic Mortar
Cosmetic Pestle
Cosmetic Set
Palette (Cosmetic)
Tweezers
Unguent Bottle
Comb
Composite Comb
Hair Curler
Wig Curler
Razor
Shaving Bowl
Sponge
Strigil
Tooth Pick
Washing Bowl
Nail Clipper
Nail File
Manicure Set
Brazier
Fire Basket
Fire Screen
Spill
Candelabrum
Candle
Candle Bracket
Candle Holder
Candle Snuffer
Candle Stand
Candlestick
Chandelier
Cresset Lamp
Fire Dog
Fire Grate
Fire Mark
Fire Hook
Fire Stone
Hanging Lamp
Lamp
Lamp Filler
Lamp Fitting
Lamp Hanger
Lantern
Light Fitting
Rush Light
Taper
Wick
Warming Pan
Hearthstone
Oven
Strike A Light
Chafing Dish
Angle Tie
Barrel Padlock
Barrel Padlock Key
Bell Pull
Bolt (Fastening)
Bolt (Lock)
Box Padlock Key
Bracket
Catch
Chain
Clamp
Clasp
Cleat
Clench Nail
Clip
Door Fitting
Double Spiked Loop
Fastening
Ferrule
Furniture Fitting
Clothes Hanger
Hasp
Hinge
Holdfast
Hook
Key Blank
Keyhole Fitting
Ladder
Lamp Hook
Latch
Latchlifter
Lift Key
Locking Mechanism
Lock
Mosaic
Nail
Nut (Fastening)
Padlock
Padlock Key Blank
Peg
Pintle
Plug
Rivet
Rove
Screw
Slide Key
Spike
Split Pin
Spring
Stake
Staple
Stopper
Strap
Tack
Tap
Tent
Timber Dog
Trenail
Wall Hook
Washer
Wigwam
Window Fitting
Drain Cover
Drain Pipe
Architectural Element
Basket
Bucket
Flower Pot
Grindstone
Microdenticulate
Denticulate
Microlith
Handaxe
Palstave
Knife
Plano Convex Knife
Point
Pot
Prong
Fishing Reel
Retouched Flake
Strainer
Trough
Vat
Paper Weight
Pigment Container
Pestle
Pole
Whip
Barrel
Basin
Blade
Brush
Bung
Chopper
Chopping Block
Cleaver
Crushing Stone
Funnel
Mortar (Vessel)
Scoop
Sieve
Spigot
Mask
String
Badge
Banner
Flag
Dodecahedron
Hanging Bowl
Heraldic Device
Socketed Axehead
Box
Chest
Casket
Dressed Stone
Grille
Stave
Well Winder
Wedge
Waste
Tongs
Template
Sharpener
Scissors
Saw
Mould
Model
Mallet
Whetstone
Hammer
Cloth Beater
Clippers
Borer
Bellows
Bead
Board
Nozzle
Plume
Stud
Valve
Lid
Frame
Wall Painting
Picture Frame
Cork
Tap Key
Armchair
Bath
Bed
Blanket
Blind
Bolster
Cabinet
Carpet
Chair
Chamber Pot
Commode
Cot
Couch
Cradle
Cupboard
Curtain
Blind Fitting
Curtain Fitting
Cushion
Doorstop
Floor Covering
Furniture
Garderobe Seat
Wall Hanging
Mattress
Pew
Pillow
Seat
Sheet
Shelf
Shutter
Stool
Table
Table Linen
Tapestry
Tub
Vase
Wall Covering
Wallpaper
Window Covering
Boot
Clog
Moccasin
Sandal
Shoe
Slipper
Sock
Boot Stud
Clump Sole
Crampon
Hob Nail
Patten
Shoe Iron
Last
Sole
Bonnet
Cap
Ear Muff
Eye Shade
Hat
Head Band
Head Dress
Head Net
Head Scarf
Kerchief
Turban
Veil
Wig
Shawl
Robe
Mantle
Loincloth
Legging
Kilt
Jumper
Jerkin
Jacket
Gaiter
Dress
Coat
Cloak
Cape
Breeches
Blouse
Bib
Apron
Shift
Shirt
Skirt
Sleeve
Smock
Trousers
Tunic
Wrap
Garter
Girdle
Penis Sheath
Stocking
Theatre Costume
Arm Band
Belt
Button Cover
Choker
Collar
Cuff
Neckerchief
Neck Tie
Muff
Glove
Toggle
Hooked Tag
Tag
Shirt Stud
Lapel Stud
Dress Stud
Stud Fastener
Dress Pin
Anklet
Arm Purse
Armlet
Bag
Bracelet
Bow Brooch
Bracteate
Brooch
Brooch Pin
Buckle
Button
Button And Loop Fastener
Cameo
Case (Luggage)
Chatelaine
Circlet
Cuff Link
Dance Ornament
Dress Hook
Ear Ring
Epaulette
Eyelet
Fan
Finger Ring
Fob
Girdle Hanger
Goggles
Hair Ornament
Hair Piece
Hair Pin
Hair Ring
Hair Slide
Hand Mirror
Handkerchief
Head Ornament
Jewellery
Jewellery Fitting
Locket
Lunula
Medallion
Melon Bead
Neck Ring
Necklace
Parasol
Pectoral
Penannular Brooch
Penannular Ring
Pendant
Pouch
Purse
Ruff
Sash
Scarf
Sleeve Clasp
Staff
Stole
Stomacher
Tiara
Tippet (Cape)
Tippet (Stole)
Toe Ring
Torc
Umbrella
Walking Stick
Wrist Band
Amphora
Food Preparation And Consumption
Apple Corer
Aquamanile
Beaker
Bowl
Cauldron
Charger
Cheese Press
Churning Stick
Colander
Cooking Stone
Cooler
Corer
Cup
Cutlery
Decanter
Dish
Drinking Horn
Ewer
Fish Smoker
Flagon
Flask
Fork (Utensil)
Frying Pan
Goblet
Jar
Jug
Kettle
Ladle
Limpet Scoop
Masher
Mazer
Mug
Nut Crackers
Pan
Pancheon
Pipkin
Pitcher
Plate
Porringer
Posset Pot
Pot Boiler
Saucer
Skillet
Spit
Spoon
Steamer
Tankard
Trivet
Tyg
Urn
Wine Cooler
Wineskin
Alembic
Container
Altar Vessel
Arms Holder
Bed Pan
Bottle
Butter Churn
Cage
Can
Carboy
Costrel
Creel
Cresset
Crucible
Cruse
Cupping Vessel
Fulling Vat
Holy Water Vessel
Keg
Kohl Pot
Laver
Marriage Bowl
Milk Bottle
Milk Churn
Mortarium
Musical Instrument Case
Needle Holder
Offering Vessel
Perfume Bottle
Platter
Pounce Pot
Pouncet Box
Priming Horn
Retort
Sack
Safe
Saucepan
Spittoon
Tank
Tazza
Tray
Trunk
Tumbler
Unguent Pot
Water Cooler
Water Dropper
Watering Can
Wine Bottle
Winnowing Tray
Adze
Adze Hammer
Arrow Straightener
Auger
Auger Bit
Awl
Beehive Quern
Bodkin
Burnisher
Carder
Chisel
Die Stamp
Distaff
Drill
Drill Bit
End Scraper
Fabricator
File
Folding Knife
Gouge
Grater
Graver
Hammerstone
Hurdling Tool
Knitting Needle
Lever
Linen Smoother
Loom
Marking Tool
Marlin Spike
Maul
Moulding Chisel
Nail Extractor
Needle
Netting Needle
Peeler
Penknife
Pincers
Plane
Pliers
Poker
Polisher
Press
Punch
Quern
Rotary Quern
Saddle Quern
Scriber
Scutching Knife
Shuttle
Skewer
Soldering Lamp
Spindle
Squeezer
Stamp
Tenterhook
Thatching Needle
Thimble
Trowel
Weaving Comb
Wrench
Anvil
Tools And Equipment
Axe Mould
Bobbin
Bradawl
Carding Comb
Cast
Caulking Tool
Cogwheel
Coin Die
Coir Beater
Combination Tool
Creaser
Curriers Knife
Digging Scoop
Drawknife
Butteris
Flatter
Flax Beater
Fuller
Gimlet
Heckle
Heddle Rod
Ingot Mould
Kiln Furniture
Lace Pillow
Lathe
Leather Stamp
Loomweight
Pargetting Mould
Pin Cushion
Polishing Iron
Potters Tool
Potters Wheel
Pulley
Reamer
Rippler
Shave
Slicker
Snarling Iron
Spindle Whorl
Spokeshave
Spoon Auger
Spoon Bit
Strop
Swage
Trial Piece
Twist Auger
Twist Bit
Vice
Weaving Batten
Weaving Tablet
Weft Beater
Yarn Twister
Armour And Weapons
Ecofacts
Measurement
Medicine And Pharmacy
Music
Religion Or Ritual
Sports And Games
Edged Weapon
Staff Weapon
Explosive Weapon
Percussive Weapon
Projectile Weapon
Ammunition
Bow (Weapon)
Broadsword
Angon
Arm Guard
Clothing
Footwear
Headwear
Outerwear
Underwear
Clothing Accessory
Personal Ornament
Personal Symbol
Annular Brooch
Plate Brooch
Toilet Article
Cosmetic Article
Hair Care Equipment
Manicure Implement
Shaving Brush
Footwear Component
Die
Sedan Chair
Ski
Palette (Artists)
Relief
Geometry Instrument
Callipers
Time Measuring Instrument
Side Scraper
Thumb Nail Scraper
Grinding Equipment
Cutting Equipment
Drilling Equipment
Gripping Equipment
Marking Equipment
Striking Equipment
Piercing Equipment
Smoothing Equipment
Moulding Equipment
Animal Care Equipment
Pressing And Crushing Equipment
Sharpening Equipment
Tool Making Equipment
Food Preparation Equipment
Fork (Tool)
Harness Fitting
Edge Blown Wind Instrument
Reed Blown Wind Instrument
Lip Blown Wind Instrument
Musical Instrument Component
Clappers
Scraper (Musical)
Scraper (Tool)
Furnishing
Bedding
Rug
Water Craft
Land Vehicle
Water Craft Equipment
Currency
Visual Communications
Writing And Drawing Equipment
Float (Tool)
Milking Vessel
Container <By Function>
Food And Drink Serving Container
Food Serving Container
Drink Serving Container
Drinking Vessel
Food Gathering And Preparation Container
Cooking Vessel
Horticultural Container
Storage Container
Secure Storage Container
Weapon And Ammunition Container
Scientific And Industrial Container
Writing Container
Religious Or Ritual Container
Personal Hygiene Container
Medical Container
Hand Luggage
Storage Bin
Parting Vessel
Sheath
Comb Case
Container <By Form>
Vehicle Component
Digging Equipment
Leaf Arrowhead
Aestel
Bull
Clothing Fastening
Pin
Lathe Core
By Product
Religious Screen
Religious Personal Accessory
Sacrificial Or Libational Object
Marriage Object
Cinerary Vessel
Divinational Object
Libation Container
Scarab Amulet
Scarab Seal
Scarab Ring
Stoup (Basin)
Canopic Vessel
Rood Screen
Key (Locking)
Inscribed Object
Rail
Receiver
Flake
Debitage
Worked Object
Aludel
Backed Blade
Backed Bladelet
Barbed Point
Basinet
Bat
Bench (Seat)
Bench (Table)
Bird Cage
Bloom
Brail
Briquetage
Bullet Mould
Burin Spall
Carnyx
Clinker
Cloak Fastener
Coin Mould
Corkscrew
Cotton Gin
Crook
Crowbar
Cupel
Dice Shaker
Dirk
Distilling Base
Fish Gorge
Flaked Axehead
Flanged Axehead
Flat Axehead
Fleam
Girdle Fastener
Gold Weight
Grid Iron
Hatchet
Ink Spoon
Ink Stand
Ink Stone
Insect Cage
Knout
Lavabo
Leister
Manacle
Microburin
Mirror Case
Mirror
Monstrance
Morse
Muller
Nocturnal
Pattern
Piscina
Spearhead
Polished Axehead
Polished Knife
Prick Spur
Pricket
Quern Roughout
Rasp
Rein
Shabti
Slag
Slave Collar
Spear Gun
Spud
Stove
Strap Fitting
Target
Thumbscrew
Tobe
Tranchet Axehead
Trencher
Tuyere
Urinal (Medical)
Waster
Dress Component
Beater (Tool)
Lachrymatory (Religious)
Food Preparation Container
Eel Spear
Shelving
Heating Object
Lighting Object
Fire Iron
Gaming Chip
Roughout
Personal Accessory
Shoeing Nail
Yoke (Animal)
Yoke (Human)
Unidentified Object
Altarpiece
Mether
Painted Glass (Window)
Pantile
Written Item
Spacer Bead
Chariot Fitting
Musical Instrument
Hoard
Fire Shovel
Fire Tongs
Steelyard Weight
Cruet (Domestic)
Eucharist Object
Grave Slab
Oracle Bone
Divination Die
Ritual Symbol
Curse Tablet
Hawking Equipment
Rowel Spur
Winged Axehead
Discoidal Knife
Baton De Commandement
Coin Hoard
Axe Trimming Flake
Apron Fitting
Bailer
Bar Iron
Wheelbarrow
Bird Bath
Bird Feeder
Body Plug
Burnt Flint
Carving
Casting Waste
Core
Crested Blade
Fire Cover
Curfew
Dibble
Dress Fastener (Unknown)
Fire Fender
Lithic Implement
Frit
Fire Fan
Fire Rake
Glass Working Debris
Rod
Grease Pot
Hawk Bell
Horse Trapping
Tool By Product
Industrial By Product
Manufacture And Processing
Iron Pyrites
Jamb
Kiln Waste
Lace Tag
Linked Pin
Louvre
Lucifer Match
Manufacturing Debris
Plaque
Brass
Metal Working Debris
Miniature Object
Mood
Nail Cleaner
Offcut
Offering Bowl
Offering Dish
Offering Jar
Offering Plate
Offering Tray
Perforated Object
Pier
Pillar
Post
Pipe Rack
Potters Stamp
Prototype
Serrated Implement
Sinker
Writing Slate
Spangle
Textile
Lace (Textile)
Lace (Fastening)
Braid
Tie Bar
Wall Anchor
Tobacco Holder
Tobacco Pipe
Touchstone
Tripod Vessel
Triple Vase
Vessel
Voussoir
Watering Pot
Wire
Ring
Cremation
Face Urn
Vervel
Laurel Leaf
Levallois Core
Levallois Flake
Canister (Food)
Canister (Shot)
Lug (Pole)
Lug (Handle)
Palette (Armour)
Cultivation Object
Fishing Object
Harvesting And Mowing Object
Hunting Object
Threshing And Winnowing Object
Written Communications
Water Pipe (Smoking)
Quarterstaff
Surveying Staff
Personal Grooming And Hygiene Item
Washing And Cleansing Item
Shaving Item
Fixtures And Fittings
Igniting Accessory
Animal Shoe
Sample
Ribbon
Gambeson
Guttering
Punishment And Restraint
Geological Sample
Textile Equipment
Power Symbol
Commemorative Object
Ring Money (Non Currency)
Fetter
Rotary Key
Food And Liquid Storage Container
Bee Skep
Death Burial Or Funerary Object
Religious Structural Object
Plug Bayonet
Socket Bayonet
Blowpipe (Tool)
Projectile
Leg Guard
Scale Armour
Segmented Armour
Handgun
Longarm
Flintlock Pistol
Matchlock Musket
Wheellock Musket
Snaphance Musket
Pounder
Line Sinker
Animal Bell
Animal Collar
Blinker
Spectacles (Human)
Hood (Hawking)
Hood (Clothing)
Chamfron
Well
Pipe (Architectural)
Keystone
Weapon
Misericord (Seat)
Misericord (Dagger)
Hanger
Sabre
Ceremonial Object
Creamer
Liquid Measure
Vinaigrette
Pommander
Pygmy Cup
Palm Cup
Case (Pipe)
Dress And Personal Accessories
Coif (Cap)
Coif (Armour)
Codpiece
Fichu
Corset
Pipe (Smoking)
Pipe Cleaner
Pipe Tamper
Water Pipe (Architectural)
Hairbrush
Toothbrush
Cosmetic Spoon
Waterlogged Sample
Plant Remains
Plant Macro Remains
Pollen
Plant Micro Remains
Animal Micro Remains
Mammal Remains
Reptile Remains
Amphibian Remains
Fish Kettle
Jack (Cooking)
Sideboard
Footstool
Desk
Tinder Box
Litharge
Tranchet Flake
Axehead Roughout
Tumbrel
Cross Staff
Boundary Marker
Peck
Quart
Gill
Musical Instrument <By Sound Production>
Musical Instrument <By Air>
Musical Instrument <By String>
Musical Instrument <By Membrane>
Musical Instrument <Integral>
Scolds Bridle
Coffin Fitting
Ogham Stone
Ball (Ritual)
Signs Or Symbols
Tableman
Draughtsman
Spinning Top
Tyre
Ship
Vehicle
Boat Hook
Paper
Grappling Iron
Axehead
Entrenching Tool
Bow Drill
Padlock Key
Sledgehammer
Lace Bobbin
Thread Bobbin
Flat Iron
Dress Fastener (Dress)
Brad
Rope
String Instrument
Hnefatafl Marker
Brockage
Buzz Bone
Coin Blank
Daub
Cord
Bar Torc
Sherd
Rim Sherd
Base Sherd
Body Sherd
Bezel
Consular Diptych
Counter
Disc
Drop Hinge
Flagstone
Gang Chain
Gorget (Armour)
Gorget (Decorative)
Hair Net
Handle
Headstall
Lamp Holder
Lamp Stand
Logboat
Longbow
Martingale
Millefiori Cane
Mount
Net
Portable Shrine
Rigging Spacer
Salt Cellar
Snaffle Bit
Spout
Stirrup Terminal
Stirrup Strap Mount
Stove Tile
Strap Hinge
Thatch Weight
Coin (Contemporary Imitation)
Coin (Modern Imitation)
Coin (Modern Forgery)
Pinners Bone
Strap End
Axe (Tool)
Axe (Weapon)
Hypocaust Tile
Hearth Tile
Triangular Arrowhead
Hollow Based Arrowhead
Butchered Animal Remains
Bone Working Debris
Wall Plaster
Ceramic
Terracotta
Assemblage
Stamped Object
Vertebrate Remains
Invertebrate Remains
Bryozoan Remains
Annelid Remains
Arthropod Remains
Crustacean Remains
Arachnid Remains
Echinoderm Remains
Nematode Remains
Disc Brooch
Animal Brooch
Aucissa Brooch
Bow And Fantail Brooch
Caterpillar Brooch
Colchester Brooch
Crossbow Brooch
Long Brooch
Cruciform Brooch
Dolphin Brooch
Dragonesque Brooch
Headstud Brooch
Hod Hill Brooch
Knee Brooch
Langton Down Brooch
Nauheim Derivate Brooch
Saucer Brooch
Square Headed Brooch
Thistle Brooch
Trumpet Brooch
Playing Card
Polden Hill Brooch
T-Shaped Brooch
Two-Piece Colchester Brooch
Aesica Brooch
Small Long Brooch
Axe
Knife Blank
Mine
Aerial Mine
Engine
Aircraft Engine
Bar Shot
Chain Shot
Dice Shot
Flail Shot
Grape Shot
Round Shot
Fitting
Rubble
Shoe Making Waste
Wood Working Waste
Wine Glass
Log
Water Pipe Collar
Mussel Shell
Mite Remains
Parasite Remains
Cladoceran Remains
Ostracod Remains
Marine Mollusca Remains
Non Marine Mollusca Remains
Small Mammal Remains
Bacteria
Diatoms
Dinoflagellates
Foraminifera
Fungi
Residue
Food Residue
Organic Material
Moss
Testate Amoebae
Deposit
Aeolian Deposit
Coversand
Loess
Alluvium
Glaciation Deposit
Till
Solifluction Deposit
Colluvium
Paleosol
Peat
Tufa
Ash
Tephra
Estuarine Deposit
Lacustrine Deposit
Gyttja
Marine Deposit
Cave Deposit
Agricultural Deposit
Construction Deposit
Waste Deposit
Periglacial Deposit
Staddle Stone
Cereal Grain
Seeds
Mill Paddle
Palm
Octant
Bomb
Bouncing Bomb
Nameboard
Deadlight
Hatchway Cover
Porthole
Hose
Sheathing
Blank
Griddle (Plate)
Paperclip
Watch Glass
Impressed Object
Pump
Pump Housing
Shearmans Hook
Setting
Inlay
Boss
Stirring Rod
Bombard
Tampion
Axe Hammer
Aldis Lamp
Sanitary Ware
Oakum
Sugar Mould
Mortar Stone
Mouldstone
Proving Mortar
Key (Winding)
Salt Ship
Page Holder
Harbick
Spheroidal Carbonaceous Particles (SCPs)
Silt
Gravel
Carved Object
Baluster Jug
Barrel Shaped Jug
Biconical Jug
Conical Jug
Grave Goods
Cylindrical Jug
Globular Jug
Pear Shaped Jug
Rounded Jug
Pegau
Shouldered Jug
Waisted Jug
Face Jug
Knight Jug
Puzzle Jug
Tripod Pitcher
Spouted Pitcher
Bunghole Jug
Flattened Flask
Globular Flask
Ring Flask
Biconical Jar
Concave Sided Jar
Albarello
Cylindrical Jar
Flared Jar
Globular Jar
Ginger Jar
Inturned Jar
Rounded Jar
Mercury Jar
Shouldered Jar
Single Handled Jar
Basket Handled Jar
Double Handled Jar
Bar Lug Jar
Bar Lip Jar
Multi Handled Jar
Tripod Pipkin
Grape
Bunghole Jar
Biconical Bowl
Carinated Bowl
Concave Sided Bowl
Flared Bowl
Stool Pan
Cream Pan
Hemispherical Bowl
Rounded Bowl
Straight Sided Bowl
Spouted Bowl
Pedestal Bowl
Lobed Bowl
Divided Bowl
Multiple Bowl
Handled Bowl
Handled Jar
Single Handled Bowl
Socketed Bowl
Basket Handled Bowl
Double Handled Bowl
Cockerel Bowl
Multi Handled Bowl
Inturned Dish
Pedestal Dish
Lobed Dish
Divided Dish
Multiple Dish
Dripping Dish
Baking Tray
Pedestal Beaker
Rounded Beaker
Waisted Beaker
Carinated Cup
Flared Cup
Necked Cup
Rounded Cup
Pedestal Cup
Lobed Cup
Fuddling Cup
Puzzle Cup
Barrel Shaped Mug
Conical Mug
Schnelle
Cylindrical Mug
Flared Mug
Rounded Mug
Trichterhalskrug
Collared Lid
Conical Lid
Dish Lid
Domed Lid
Flat Lid
Flat Topped Lid
Saucer Shaped Lid
Flanged Lid
Locking Lid
Complex Lid
Saucer Candlestick
Upright Candlestick
Compartmented Lamp
Double Shelled Lamp
Hemispherical Lamp
Pedestal Lamp
Saucer Lamp
Spike Lamp
Flared Curfew
Hemispherical Curfew
Half Round Curfew
Flanged Curfew
Convex End Scraper
Transverse End Scraper
Straight End Scraper
Concave End Scraper
Notch
Lanceolate Microlith
Lunate Microlith
Triangular Microlith
Trapeze Microlith
Rectangle Microlith
Rhomboid Microlith
Core Axehead
Conical Blade Core
Conical Microblade Core
Handle Core
Cylindrical Blade Core
Keeled Core
Multiple Platform Core
Irregular Core
Fuming Pot
Heating Stand
Beverage Warmer
Cucurbit
Candlemakers Trough
Barrel Costrel
Cylindrical Costrel
Mammiform Costrel
Standing Costrel
Blade Core
Ceiling Painting
Ear Plug
Socketed Gouge
Cushioned Mace
Pebble Mace
Roofing Nail
Looped Palstave
Scorer
Looped Spearhead
Socketed Spearhead
Tanged Spearhead
Hawk Trap
Biconical Urn
Bipartite Urn
Cordoned Urn
Tripartite Urn
Collared Urn
Vault Springer
Livery Collar
Back Scratcher
Fan Case
Shoulder Plate
Lap Desk
Chest Guard (Sports)
Protective Clothing
Religious Standard
Telescope
Ships Log
Straw Splitter
Aircraft
Aircraft Component
Gas Mask
Bartmann Jug
Machine Gun
Mortar Bomb
Shell Case
Hurdle
Peg Tile
Pot Mend
Expended Ammunition
Sword Mould
Patera
Bicycle
Motor Vehicle
Car
Adapted
Hearse
Motorcycle
Lorry
Bus
Gas Cylinder
Cable Drum
Carronade
Terrestrial Mollusca Remains
Fresh And Brackish Water Mollusca Remains
Barley Grain
Wheat Grain
Nut
Hazel Nut
Pip
Fruitstone
Sewage Residue
Piston
Hammerscale
Chicken Feeder
Lighter
Engraved Object
Sporting Equipment
Parachute
Osemund
Egg Cup
Vessel Component
Water Craft Component
Ships Timber
Spanner
Trigger Guard
Linstock
Adzehead
Cupped Pebble
Cushion Stone
Grooved Hammerstone
Perforated Disc
Polishing Stone
Trough Quern
Cullet
Fulling Roller
Gall
Tympanum
Time Capsule
Miners Cage
Casting Box
Marver
Tailpiece
Firesteel
Selector Grab
Hoof Pick
Malting Tile
Cramp (Funerary)
Fossil (Object)
Pebble (Object)
Shell (Object)
Lozenge
Cylinder Bead
Doughnut Bead
Disc Bead
Spiral Bead
Disc Headed Pin
Flint Nodule
Hippopotamus Remains
Hyena Remains
Saiga Remains
Lion Remains
Mammoth Remains
Giant Elk Remains
Reindeer Remains
Horse Remains
Wolf Remains
Bear Remains
Rhinoceros Remains
Aurochs Remains
Button Brooch
Bog Wood
Tool
Bout Coupe Handaxe
Fired Clay
Bison Remains